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266 lines
9.6 KiB
Markdown
266 lines
9.6 KiB
Markdown
| Supported Targets | ESP32 | ESP32-C2 | ESP32-C3 | ESP32-C6 | ESP32-S2 | ESP32-S3 |
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| ----------------- | ----- | -------- | -------- | -------- | -------- | -------- |
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# OpenThread Border Router Example
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## Overview
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This example demonstrates an [OpenThread border router](https://openthread.io/guides/border-router).
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The ESP Thread Border Router SDK provides extra components and examples for putting the ESP Thread Border Router solution into production:
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* [ESP Thread Border Router Docs](https://docs.espressif.com/projects/esp-thread-br)
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* [ESP Thread Border Router Repo](https://github.com/espressif/esp-thread-br)
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## How to use example
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### Hardware Required
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#### **Wi-Fi based Thread Border Router**
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By default, two SoCs are required to run this example:
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* An ESP32 series Wi-Fi SoC (ESP32, ESP32-C, ESP32-S, etc) loaded with this ot_br example.
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* An ESP32-H4 802.15.4 SoC loaded with [ot_rcp](../ot_rcp) example.
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* Another ESP32-H4 SoC loaded with [ot_cli](../ot_cli) example.
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Connect the two SoCs via UART, below is an example setup with ESP32 DevKitC and ESP32-H4 DevKitC:
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ESP32 pin | ESP32-H4 pin
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----------|-------------
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GND | G
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GPIO4 | TX
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GPIO5 | RX
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The example could also run on a single SoC which supports both Wi-Fi and Thread (e.g., ESP32-C6), but since there is only one RF path in ESP32-C6, which means Wi-Fi and Thread can't receive simultaneously, it has a significant impact on performance. Hence the two SoCs solution is recommended.
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#### **Ethernet based Thread Border Router**
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Similar to the previous Wi-Fi based Thread Border Route setup, but a device with Ethernet interface is required, such as [ESP32-Ethernet-Kit](https://docs.espressif.com/projects/esp-idf/en/latest/esp32/hw-reference/esp32/get-started-ethernet-kit.html)
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### Configure the project
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```
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idf.py menuconfig
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```
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In order to run the example on single SoC which supports both Wi-Fi and Thread, the option `CONFIG_ESP_COEX_SW_COEXIST_ENABLE` and option `CONFIG_OPENTHREAD_RADIO_NATIVE` should be enabled. The two options are enabled by default for ESP32-C6 target.
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Two ways are provided to setup the Thread Border Router in this example:
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- Auto Start
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Enable `OPENTHREAD_BR_AUTO_START`, configure the `CONFIG_EXAMPLE_WIFI_SSID` and `CONFIG_EXAMPLE_WIFI_PASSWORD` with your access point's ssid and psk.
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The device will connect to Wi-Fi and form a Thread network automatically after bootup.
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- Manual mode
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Disable `OPENTHREAD_BR_AUTO_START` and enable `OPENTHREAD_CLI_ESP_EXTENSION`. `wifi` command will be added for connecting the device to the Wi-Fi network.
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If the `CONFIG_EXAMPLE_CONNECT_ETHERNET` option is enabled, the device will connect to `Ethernet`, form a Thread network and act as a Ethernet based Thread Border Router.
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### Build, Flash, and Run
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Build the project and flash it to the board, then run monitor tool to view serial output:
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```
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idf.py -p PORT build flash monitor
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```
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If the `OPENTHREAD_BR_AUTO_START` option is enabled, The device will be connected to the configured Wi-Fi and Thread network automatically then act as the border router.
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Otherwise, you need to manually configure the networks with CLI commands.
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`wifi` command can be used to configure the Wi-Fi network.
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```bash
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> wifi
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--wifi parameter---
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connect
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-s : wifi ssid
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-p : wifi psk
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---example---
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join a wifi:
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ssid: threadcertAP
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psk: threadcertAP : wifi connect -s threadcertAP -p threadcertAP
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state : get wifi state, disconnect or connect
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---example---
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get wifi state : wifi state
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Done
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```
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To join a Wi-Fi network, please use the `wifi connect` command:
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```bash
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> wifi connect -s threadcertAP -p threadcertAP
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ssid: threadcertAP
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psk: threadcertAP
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I (11331) wifi:wifi driver task: 3ffd06e4, prio:23, stack:6656, core=0
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I (11331) system_api: Base MAC address is not set
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I (11331) system_api: read default base MAC address from EFUSE
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I (11341) wifi:wifi firmware version: 45c46a4
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I (11341) wifi:wifi certification version: v7.0
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..........
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I (13741) esp_netif_handlers: sta ip: 192.168.3.10, mask: 255.255.255.0, gw: 192.168.3.1
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W (13771) wifi:<ba-add>idx:0 (ifx:0, 02:0f:c1:32:3b:2b), tid:0, ssn:2, winSize:64
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wifi sta is connected successfully
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Done
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```
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To get the state of the Wi-Fi network:
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```bash
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> wifi state
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connected
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Done
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```
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For forming the Thread network, please refer to the [ot_cli_README](../ot_cli/README.md).
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## Example Output
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```bash
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I (2729) esp_netif_handlers: example_connect: sta ip: 192.168.1.100, mask: 255.255.255.0, gw: 192.168.1.1
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I (2729) example_connect: Got IPv4 event: Interface "example_connect: sta" address: 192.168.1.100
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I (3729) example_connect: Got IPv6 event: Interface "example_connect: sta" address: fe80:0000:0000:0000:266f:28ff:fe80:2920, type: ESP_IP6_ADDR_IS_LINK_LOCAL
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I (3729) example_connect: Connected to example_connect: sta
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I (3739) example_connect: - IPv4 address: 192.168.1.100
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I (3739) example_connect: - IPv6 address: fe80:0000:0000:0000:266f:28ff:fe80:2920, type: ESP_IP6_ADDR_IS_LINK_LOCAL
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......
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I(8139) OPENTHREAD:[INFO]-MLE-----: AttachState ParentReqReeds -> Idle
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I(8139) OPENTHREAD:[NOTE]-MLE-----: Allocate router id 50
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I(8139) OPENTHREAD:[NOTE]-MLE-----: RLOC16 fffe -> c800
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I(8159) OPENTHREAD:[NOTE]-MLE-----: Role Detached -> Leader
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```
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## Bidirectional IPv6 connectivity
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The border router will automatically publish the prefix and the route table rule to the Wi-Fi network via ICMPv6 router advertisement packages.
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### Host configuration
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The automatically configure your host's route table rules you need to set these sysctl options:
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Please replace `wlan0` with the real name of your Wi-Fi network interface.
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```
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sudo sysctl -w net/ipv6/conf/wlan0/accept_ra=2
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sudo sysctl -w net/ipv6/conf/wlan0/accept_ra_rt_info_max_plen=128
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```
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For mobile devices, the route table rules will be automatically configured after iOS 14 and Android 8.1.
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### Testing IPv6 connectivity
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Now in the Thread end device, check the IP addresses:
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```
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> ipaddr
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fde6:75ff:def4:3bc3:9e9e:3ef:4245:28b5
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fdde:ad00:beef:0:0:ff:fe00:c402
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fdde:ad00:beef:0:ad4a:9a9a:3cd6:e423
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fe80:0:0:0:f011:2951:569e:9c4a
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```
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You'll notice an IPv6 global prefix with only on address assigned under it. This is the routable address of this Thread node.
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You can ping this address on your host:
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``` bash
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$ ping fde6:75ff:def4:3bc3:9e9e:3ef:4245:28b5
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PING fde6:75ff:def4:3bc3:9e9e:3ef:4245:28b5(fde6:75ff:def4:3bc3:9e9e:3ef:4245:28b5) 56 data bytes
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64 bytes from fde6:75ff:def4:3bc3:9e9e:3ef:4245:28b5: icmp_seq=1 ttl=63 time=459 ms
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64 bytes from fde6:75ff:def4:3bc3:9e9e:3ef:4245:28b5: icmp_seq=2 ttl=63 time=109 ms
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64 bytes from fde6:75ff:def4:3bc3:9e9e:3ef:4245:28b5: icmp_seq=3 ttl=63 time=119 ms
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64 bytes from fde6:75ff:def4:3bc3:9e9e:3ef:4245:28b5: icmp_seq=4 ttl=63 time=117 ms
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```
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## Service discovery
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The newly introduced service registration protocol([SRP](https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/draft-ietf-dnssd-srp-10)) allows devices in the Thread network to register a service. The border router will forward the service to the Wi-Fi network via mDNS.
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### Publish the service using SRP
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Now we'll publish the service `my-service._test._udp` with hostname `test0` and port 12345
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```
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> srp client host name test0
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Done
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> srp client host address fde6:75ff:def4:3bc3:9e9e:3ef:4245:28b5
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Done
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> srp client service add my-service _test._udp 12345
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Done
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> srp client autostart enable
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Done
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```
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This service will also become visible on the Wi-Fi network:
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```bash
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$ avahi-browse -r _test._udp -t
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+ enp1s0 IPv6 my-service _test._udp local
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= enp1s0 IPv6 my-service _test._udp local
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hostname = [test0.local]
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address = [fde6:75ff:def4:3bc3:9e9e:3ef:4245:28b5]
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port = [12345]
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txt = []
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+ enp1s0 IPv4 my-service _test._udp local
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= enp1s0 IPv4 my-service _test._udp local
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hostname = [test0.local]
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address = [fde6:75ff:def4:3bc3:9e9e:3ef:4245:28b5]
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port = [12345]
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txt = []
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```
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### Discovery delegate
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First, the service `testhost._test._udp` need to be published using `avahi-publish-service` on the Wi-Fi network(for example Host).
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```bash
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$ avahi-publish-service testhost _test._udp 12345 test=1 dn="aabbbb"
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```
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Then get the border router's OMR prefix global unicast address(or ML-EID), and configure it on the Thread end device.
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On the border router:
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```
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> ipaddr
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fdde:ad00:beef:0:0:ff:fe00:fc10
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fd9b:347f:93f7:1:1003:8f00:bcc1:3038
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fdde:ad00:beef:0:0:ff:fe00:fc00
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fdde:ad00:beef:0:0:ff:fe00:b800
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fdde:ad00:beef:0:f891:287:866:776
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fe80:0:0:0:77:bca6:6079:785b
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Done
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```
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On the Thread end device:
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```
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> dns config fd9b:347f:93f7:1:1003:8f00:bcc1:3038
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(or
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> dns config fdde:ad00:beef:0:f891:287:866:776)
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Done
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```
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Now the service published on the Host can be discovered on the Thread end device.
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```
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> dns resolve FA001208.default.service.arpa.
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DNS response for FA001208.default.service.arpa. - fdde:ad00:beef:cafe:b939:26be:7516:b87e TTL:120
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Done
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> dns browse _test._udp.default.service.arpa.
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DNS browse response for _test._udp.default.service.arpa.
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testhost
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Port:5683, Priority:0, Weight:0, TTL:120
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Host:FA001208.default.service.arpa.
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HostAddress:fdde:ad00:beef:cafe:b939:26be:7516:b87e TTL:120
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TXT:[test=31, dn=616162626262] TTL:120
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Done
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> dns service testhost _test._udp.default.service.arpa.
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DNS service resolution response for testhost for service _test._udp.default.service.arpa.
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Port:5683, Priority:0, Weight:0, TTL:120
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Host:FA001208.default.service.arpa.
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HostAddress:fdde:ad00:beef:cafe:b939:26be:7516:b87e TTL:120
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TXT:[test=31, dn=616162626262] TTL:120
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Done
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```
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