mirror of
https://github.com/espressif/esp-idf.git
synced 2024-10-05 20:47:46 -04:00
5250ca1627
Instead of having 2 toctrees for setup and build your first project parts, use os-specific refs for the build your first project part
338 lines
14 KiB
ReStructuredText
338 lines
14 KiB
ReStructuredText
{IDF_TARGET_CORE_NUM:default="2", esp32s2="1", esp32c3="1"}
|
||
|
||
{IDF_TARGET_FEATURES:default="WiFi/BT/BLE, silicon revision 1, 2MB external flash", esp32="WiFi/BT/BLE, silicon revision 1, 2MB external flash", esp32s2="WiFi, silicon revision 0, 2MB external flash", esp32s3="This is esp32s3 chip with 2 CPU core(s), WiFi/BLE, silicon revision 0, 2MB external flash", esp32c3="WiFi/BLE, silicon revision 0, 2MB external flash"}
|
||
|
||
{IDF_TARGET_HEAP_SIZE:default="298968", esp32="298968", esp32s2="253900", esp32s3="390684", esp32c3="337332"}
|
||
|
||
编译工程
|
||
=========================
|
||
|
||
请使用以下命令，编译烧录工程：
|
||
|
||
.. code-block:: batch
|
||
|
||
idf.py build
|
||
|
||
运行以上命令可以编译应用程序和所有 ESP-IDF 组件，接着生成引导加载程序、分区表和应用程序二进制文件。
|
||
|
||
.. code-block:: none
|
||
|
||
$ idf.py build
|
||
Running cmake in directory /path/to/hello_world/build
|
||
Executing "cmake -G Ninja --warn-uninitialized /path/to/hello_world"...
|
||
Warn about uninitialized values.
|
||
-- Found Git: /usr/bin/git (found version "2.17.0")
|
||
-- Building empty aws_iot component due to configuration
|
||
-- Component names: ...
|
||
-- Component paths: ...
|
||
|
||
... (more lines of build system output)
|
||
|
||
[527/527] Generating hello_world.bin
|
||
esptool.py v2.3.1
|
||
|
||
Project build complete. To flash, run this command:
|
||
../../../components/esptool_py/esptool/esptool.py -p (PORT) -b 921600 write_flash --flash_mode dio --flash_size detect --flash_freq 40m 0x10000 build/hello_world.bin build 0x1000 build/bootloader/bootloader.bin 0x8000 build/partition_table/partition-table.bin
|
||
or run 'idf.py -p PORT flash'
|
||
|
||
如果一切正常，编译完成后将生成 .bin 文件。
|
||
|
||
|
||
烧录到设备
|
||
=============================
|
||
|
||
请使用以下命令，将刚刚生成的二进制文件 (bootloader.bin、partition-table.bin 和 hello_world.bin) 烧录至您的 {IDF_TARGET_NAME} 开发板：
|
||
|
||
.. code-block:: bash
|
||
|
||
idf.py -p PORT [-b BAUD] flash
|
||
|
||
请将 PORT 替换为 {IDF_TARGET_NAME} 开发板的串口名称。
|
||
|
||
您还可以将 BAUD 替换为您希望的烧录波特率。默认波特率为 ``460800``。
|
||
|
||
更多有关 idf.py 参数的详情，请见 :ref:`idf.py`。
|
||
|
||
.. note::
|
||
|
||
勾选 ``flash`` 选项将自动编译并烧录工程，因此无需再运行 ``idf.py build``。
|
||
|
||
烧录过程中可能遇到的问题
|
||
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
|
||
|
||
{IDF_TARGET_STRAP_GPIO:default="GPIO0", esp32="GPIO0", esp32s2="GPIO0", esp32s3="GPIO0", esp32c3="GPIO9"}
|
||
|
||
如果在运行给定命令时出现如“连接失败”这样的错误，造成该错误的原因之一可能是运行 ``esptool.py`` 时出现错误。``esptool.py`` 是构建系统调用的程序，用于重置芯片、与 ROM 引导加载器交互以及烧录固件的工具。可以按照以下步骤进行手动复位，轻松解决该问题。如果问题仍未解决，请参考 `Troubleshooting <https://github.com/espressif/esptool#bootloader-wont-respond>`_. 获取更多信息。
|
||
|
||
``esptool.py`` 通过使 USB 转串口转接器芯片（如 FTDI 或 CP210x）的 DTR 和 RTS 控制线生效来自动复位 {IDF_TARGET_NAME}（请参考 :doc:`establish-serial-connection` 获取更多详细信息)。DTR 和 RTS 控制线又连接到 {IDF_TARGET_NAME} 的 ``{IDF_TARGET_STRAP_GPIO}`` 和 ``CHIP_PU`` (EN) 管脚上，因此 DTR 和 RTS 的电压电平变化会使 {IDF_TARGET_NAME} 进入固件下载模式。相关示例可查看 ESP32 DevKitC 开发板的 `原理图 <https://dl.espressif.com/dl/schematics/esp32_devkitc_v4-sch-20180607a.pdf>`_。
|
||
|
||
一般来说，使用官方的 ESP-IDF 开发板不会出现问题。但是，``esptool.py`` 在以下情况下不能自动重置硬件。
|
||
|
||
- 您的硬件没有连接到 ``{IDF_TARGET_STRAP_GPIO}`` 和 ``CIHP_PU`` 的 DTR 和 RTS 控制线。
|
||
- DTR 和 RTS 控制线的配置方式不同
|
||
- 根本没有这样的串行控制线路
|
||
|
||
根据您硬件的种类，也可以将您 {IDF_TARGET_NAME} 开发板手动设置成固件下载模式（复位）。
|
||
|
||
- 对于 Espressif 的开发板，您可以参考对应开发板的入门指南或用户指南。例如，可以通过按住 **Boot** 按钮 (``{IDF_TARGET_STRAP_GPIO}``) 再按住 **EN** 按钮(``CHIP_PU``) 来手动复位 ESP-IDF 开发板。
|
||
- 对于其他类型的硬件，可以尝试将 ``{IDF_TARGET_STRAP_GPIO}`` 拉低。
|
||
|
||
常规操作
|
||
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
|
||
|
||
在烧录过程中，您会看到类似如下的输出日志：
|
||
|
||
.. only:: esp32
|
||
|
||
.. code-block:: none
|
||
|
||
...
|
||
esptool.py --chip esp32 -p /dev/ttyUSB0 -b 460800 --before=default_reset --after=hard_reset write_flash --flash_mode dio --flash_freq 40m --flash_size 2MB 0x8000 partition_table/partition-table.bin 0x1000 bootloader/bootloader.bin 0x10000 hello_world.bin
|
||
esptool.py v3.0-dev
|
||
Serial port /dev/ttyUSB0
|
||
Connecting........_
|
||
Chip is ESP32D0WDQ6 (revision 0)
|
||
Features: WiFi, BT, Dual Core, Coding Scheme None
|
||
Crystal is 40MHz
|
||
MAC: 24:0a:c4:05:b9:14
|
||
Uploading stub...
|
||
Running stub...
|
||
Stub running...
|
||
Changing baud rate to 460800
|
||
Changed.
|
||
Configuring flash size...
|
||
Compressed 3072 bytes to 103...
|
||
Writing at 0x00008000... (100 %)
|
||
Wrote 3072 bytes (103 compressed) at 0x00008000 in 0.0 seconds (effective 5962.8 kbit/s)...
|
||
Hash of data verified.
|
||
Compressed 26096 bytes to 15408...
|
||
Writing at 0x00001000... (100 %)
|
||
Wrote 26096 bytes (15408 compressed) at 0x00001000 in 0.4 seconds (effective 546.7 kbit/s)...
|
||
Hash of data verified.
|
||
Compressed 147104 bytes to 77364...
|
||
Writing at 0x00010000... (20 %)
|
||
Writing at 0x00014000... (40 %)
|
||
Writing at 0x00018000... (60 %)
|
||
Writing at 0x0001c000... (80 %)
|
||
Writing at 0x00020000... (100 %)
|
||
Wrote 147104 bytes (77364 compressed) at 0x00010000 in 1.9 seconds (effective 615.5 kbit/s)...
|
||
Hash of data verified.
|
||
|
||
Leaving...
|
||
Hard resetting via RTS pin...
|
||
Done
|
||
|
||
.. only:: esp32s2
|
||
|
||
.. code-block:: none
|
||
|
||
...
|
||
esptool.py --chip esp32s2 -p /dev/ttyUSB0 -b 460800 --before=default_reset --after=hard_reset write_flash --flash_mode dio --flash_freq 40m --flash_size 2MB 0x8000 partition_table/partition-table.bin 0x1000 bootloader/bootloader.bin 0x10000 hello_world.bin
|
||
esptool.py v3.0-dev
|
||
Serial port /dev/ttyUSB0
|
||
Connecting....
|
||
Chip is ESP32-S2
|
||
Features: WiFi
|
||
Crystal is 40MHz
|
||
MAC: 18:fe:34:72:50:e3
|
||
Uploading stub...
|
||
Running stub...
|
||
Stub running...
|
||
Changing baud rate to 460800
|
||
Changed.
|
||
Configuring flash size...
|
||
Compressed 3072 bytes to 103...
|
||
Writing at 0x00008000... (100 %)
|
||
Wrote 3072 bytes (103 compressed) at 0x00008000 in 0.0 seconds (effective 3851.6 kbit/s)...
|
||
Hash of data verified.
|
||
Compressed 22592 bytes to 13483...
|
||
Writing at 0x00001000... (100 %)
|
||
Wrote 22592 bytes (13483 compressed) at 0x00001000 in 0.3 seconds (effective 595.1 kbit/s)...
|
||
Hash of data verified.
|
||
Compressed 140048 bytes to 70298...
|
||
Writing at 0x00010000... (20 %)
|
||
Writing at 0x00014000... (40 %)
|
||
Writing at 0x00018000... (60 %)
|
||
Writing at 0x0001c000... (80 %)
|
||
Writing at 0x00020000... (100 %)
|
||
Wrote 140048 bytes (70298 compressed) at 0x00010000 in 1.7 seconds (effective 662.5 kbit/s)...
|
||
Hash of data verified.
|
||
|
||
Leaving...
|
||
Hard resetting via RTS pin...
|
||
Done
|
||
|
||
.. only:: esp32s3
|
||
|
||
.. code-block:: none
|
||
|
||
...
|
||
esptool.py esp32s3 -p /dev/ttyUSB0 -b 460800 --before=default_reset --after=hard_reset write_flash --flash_mode dio --flash_freq 80m --flash_size 2MB 0x0 bootloader/bootloader.bin 0x10000 hello_world.bin 0x8000 partition_table/partition-table.bin
|
||
esptool.py v3.2-dev
|
||
Serial port /dev/ttyUSB0
|
||
Connecting....
|
||
Chip is ESP32-S3
|
||
Features: WiFi, BLE
|
||
Crystal is 40MHz
|
||
MAC: 7c:df:a1:e0:00:64
|
||
Uploading stub...
|
||
Running stub...
|
||
Stub running...
|
||
Changing baud rate to 460800
|
||
Changed.
|
||
Configuring flash size...
|
||
Flash will be erased from 0x00000000 to 0x00004fff...
|
||
Flash will be erased from 0x00010000 to 0x00039fff...
|
||
Flash will be erased from 0x00008000 to 0x00008fff...
|
||
Compressed 18896 bytes to 11758...
|
||
Writing at 0x00000000... (100 %)
|
||
Wrote 18896 bytes (11758 compressed) at 0x00000000 in 0.5 seconds (effective 279.9 kbit/s)...
|
||
Hash of data verified.
|
||
Compressed 168208 bytes to 88178...
|
||
Writing at 0x00010000... (16 %)
|
||
Writing at 0x0001a80f... (33 %)
|
||
Writing at 0x000201f1... (50 %)
|
||
Writing at 0x00025dcf... (66 %)
|
||
Writing at 0x0002d0be... (83 %)
|
||
Writing at 0x00036c07... (100 %)
|
||
Wrote 168208 bytes (88178 compressed) at 0x00010000 in 2.4 seconds (effective 569.2 kbit/s)...
|
||
Hash of data verified.
|
||
Compressed 3072 bytes to 103...
|
||
Writing at 0x00008000... (100 %)
|
||
Wrote 3072 bytes (103 compressed) at 0x00008000 in 0.1 seconds (effective 478.9 kbit/s)...
|
||
Hash of data verified.
|
||
|
||
Leaving...
|
||
Hard resetting via RTS pin...
|
||
Done
|
||
|
||
|
||
.. only:: esp32c3
|
||
|
||
.. code-block:: none
|
||
|
||
...
|
||
esptool.py --chip esp32c3 -p /dev/ttyUSB0 -b 460800 --before=default_reset --after=hard_reset write_flash --flash_mode dio --flash_freq 80m --flash_size 2MB 0x8000 partition_table/partition-table.bin 0x0 bootloader/bootloader.bin 0x10000 hello_world.bin
|
||
esptool.py v3.0
|
||
Serial port /dev/ttyUSB0
|
||
Connecting....
|
||
Chip is ESP32-C3
|
||
Features: Wi-Fi
|
||
Crystal is 40MHz
|
||
MAC: 7c:df:a1:40:02:a4
|
||
Uploading stub...
|
||
Running stub...
|
||
Stub running...
|
||
Changing baud rate to 460800
|
||
Changed.
|
||
Configuring flash size...
|
||
Compressed 3072 bytes to 103...
|
||
Writing at 0x00008000... (100 %)
|
||
Wrote 3072 bytes (103 compressed) at 0x00008000 in 0.0 seconds (effective 4238.1 kbit/s)...
|
||
Hash of data verified.
|
||
Compressed 18960 bytes to 11311...
|
||
Writing at 0x00000000... (100 %)
|
||
Wrote 18960 bytes (11311 compressed) at 0x00000000 in 0.3 seconds (effective 584.9 kbit/s)...
|
||
Hash of data verified.
|
||
Compressed 145520 bytes to 71984...
|
||
Writing at 0x00010000... (20 %)
|
||
Writing at 0x00014000... (40 %)
|
||
Writing at 0x00018000... (60 %)
|
||
Writing at 0x0001c000... (80 %)
|
||
Writing at 0x00020000... (100 %)
|
||
Wrote 145520 bytes (71984 compressed) at 0x00010000 in 2.3 seconds (effective 504.4 kbit/s)...
|
||
Hash of data verified.
|
||
|
||
Leaving...
|
||
Hard resetting via RTS pin...
|
||
Done
|
||
|
||
|
||
如果一切顺利，烧录完成后，开发板将会复位，应用程序 "hello_world" 开始运行。
|
||
|
||
如果您希望使用 Eclipse 或是 VS Code IDE，而非 ``idf.py``，请参考 :doc:`Eclipse 指南 <eclipse-setup>`，以及 :doc:`VS Code 指南 <vscode-setup>`。
|
||
|
||
监视输出
|
||
===============
|
||
|
||
您可以使用 ``idf.py -p PORT monitor`` 命令，监视 “hello_world” 工程的运行情况。注意，不要忘记将 PORT 替换为您的串口名称。
|
||
|
||
运行该命令后，:doc:`IDF 监视器 <../api-guides/tools/idf-monitor>` 应用程序将启动：::
|
||
|
||
$ idf.py -p <PORT> monitor
|
||
Running idf_monitor in directory [...]/esp/hello_world/build
|
||
Executing "python [...]/esp-idf/tools/idf_monitor.py -b 115200 [...]/esp/hello_world/build/hello_world.elf"...
|
||
--- idf_monitor on <PORT> 115200 ---
|
||
--- Quit: Ctrl+] | Menu: Ctrl+T | Help: Ctrl+T followed by Ctrl+H ---
|
||
ets Jun 8 2016 00:22:57
|
||
|
||
rst:0x1 (POWERON_RESET),boot:0x13 (SPI_FAST_FLASH_BOOT)
|
||
ets Jun 8 2016 00:22:57
|
||
...
|
||
|
||
此时，您就可以在启动日志和诊断日志之后，看到打印的 “Hello world!” 了。
|
||
|
||
.. code-block:: none
|
||
|
||
...
|
||
Hello world!
|
||
Restarting in 10 seconds...
|
||
This is {IDF_TARGET_PATH_NAME} chip with {IDF_TARGET_CORE_NUM} CPU core(s), {IDF_TARGET_FEATURES}
|
||
Minimum free heap size: {IDF_TARGET_HEAP_SIZE} bytes
|
||
Restarting in 9 seconds...
|
||
Restarting in 8 seconds...
|
||
Restarting in 7 seconds...
|
||
|
||
您可使用快捷键 ``Ctrl+]``，退出 IDF 监视器。
|
||
|
||
.. only:: esp32
|
||
|
||
如果 IDF 监视器在烧录后很快发生错误，或打印信息全是乱码（如下），很有可能是因为您的开发板采用了 26 MHz 晶振，而 ESP-IDF 默认支持大多数开发板使用的 40 MHz 晶振。
|
||
|
||
.. figure:: ../../_static/get-started-garbled-output.png
|
||
:align: center
|
||
:alt: 乱码输出
|
||
:figclass: align-center
|
||
|
||
此时，您可以：
|
||
|
||
1. 退出监视器。
|
||
2. 返回 `menuconfig`。
|
||
3. 进入 ``Component config`` --> ``ESP32-specific`` --> ``Main XTAL frequency`` 进行配置，将 :ref:`CONFIG_ESP32_XTAL_FREQ_SEL` 设置为 26 MHz。
|
||
4. 重新 `编译和烧录` 应用程序。
|
||
|
||
.. note::
|
||
|
||
您也可以运行以下命令，一次性执行构建、烧录和监视过程：
|
||
|
||
``idf.py -p PORT flash monitor``
|
||
|
||
此外，
|
||
|
||
- 请前往 :doc:`IDF 监视器 <../api-guides/tools/idf-monitor>`，了解更多使用 IDF 监视器的快捷键和其他详情。
|
||
- 请前往 :ref:`idf.py`，查看更多 ``idf.py`` 命令和选项。
|
||
|
||
**恭喜，您已完成 {IDF_TARGET_NAME} 的入门学习！**
|
||
|
||
现在，您可以尝试一些其他 :idf:`examples`，或者直接开发自己的应用程序。
|
||
|
||
.. 重要::
|
||
|
||
一些示例程序不支持 {IDF_TARGET_NAME}，因为 {IDF_TARGET_NAME} 中不包含所需的硬件。
|
||
|
||
在编译示例程序前请查看 README 文件中 ``Supported Targets`` 表格。如果表格中包含 {IDF_TARGET_NAME}， 或者不存在这个表格，那么即表示 {IDF_TARGET_NAME} 支持这个示例程序。
|
||
|
||
|
||
其他提示
|
||
===============
|
||
|
||
权限问题 /dev/ttyUSB0
|
||
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
|
||
|
||
使用某些 Linux 版本向 {IDF_TARGET_NAME} 烧录固件时，可能会出现 ``Failed to open port /dev/ttyUSB0`` 错误消息。此时可以将用户添加至 :ref:`Linux Dialout 组<linux-dialout-group>`。
|
||
|
||
兼容的 Python 版本
|
||
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
|
||
|
||
ESP-IDF 支持 Python 3.7 及以上版本，建议升级操作系统到最新版本从而更新 Python。也可选择从 `sources <https://www.python.org/downloads/>`_ 安装最新版 Python，或使用 Python 管理系统如 `pyenv <https://github.com/pyenv/pyenv>`_ 对版本进行升级管理。
|