esp-idf/components/nvs_flash/test_nvs_host/test_nvs.cpp

/*
 * SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2015-2022 Espressif Systems (Shanghai) CO LTD
 *
 * SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
 */
#include "catch.hpp"
#include "nvs.hpp"
#include "nvs_test_api.h"
#include "sdkconfig.h"
#include "spi_flash_emulation.h"
#include "nvs_partition_manager.hpp"
#include "nvs_partition.hpp"
#include "mbedtls/aes.h"
#include <sstream>
#include <iostream>
#include <fstream>
#include <dirent.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <sys/wait.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <string>

#include "test_fixtures.hpp"

#define TEST_ESP_ERR(rc, res) CHECK((rc) == (res))
#define TEST_ESP_OK(rc) CHECK((rc) == ESP_OK)

using namespace std;
using namespace nvs;

stringstream s_perf;

void dumpBytes(const uint8_t* data, size_t count)
{
    for (uint32_t i = 0; i < count; ++i) {
        if (i % 32 == 0) {
            printf("%08x    ", i);
        }
        printf("%02x ", data[i]);
        if ((i + 1) % 32 == 0) {
            printf("\n");
        }
    }
}

TEST_CASE("crc32 behaves as expected", "[nvs]")
{
    Item item1;
    item1.datatype = ItemType::I32;
    item1.nsIndex = 1;
    item1.crc32 = 0;
    item1.chunkIndex = 0xff;
    fill_n(item1.key, sizeof(item1.key), 0xbb);
    fill_n(item1.data, sizeof(item1.data), 0xaa);

    auto crc32_1 = item1.calculateCrc32();

    Item item2 = item1;
    item2.crc32 = crc32_1;

    CHECK(crc32_1 == item2.calculateCrc32());

    item2 = item1;
    item2.nsIndex = 2;
    CHECK(crc32_1 != item2.calculateCrc32());

    item2 = item1;
    item2.datatype = ItemType::U32;
    CHECK(crc32_1 != item2.calculateCrc32());

    item2 = item1;
    strncpy(item2.key, "foo", Item::MAX_KEY_LENGTH);
    CHECK(crc32_1 != item2.calculateCrc32());
}

TEST_CASE("Page starting with empty flash is in uninitialized state", "[nvs]")
{
    PartitionEmulationFixture f;
    Page page;
    CHECK(page.state() == Page::PageState::INVALID);
    CHECK(page.load(&f.part, 0) == ESP_OK);
    CHECK(page.state() == Page::PageState::UNINITIALIZED);
}

TEST_CASE("Page can distinguish namespaces", "[nvs]")
{
    PartitionEmulationFixture f;
    Page page;
    CHECK(page.load(&f.part, 0) == ESP_OK);
    int32_t val1 = 0x12345678;
    CHECK(page.writeItem(1, ItemType::I32, "intval1", &val1, sizeof(val1)) == ESP_OK);
    int32_t val2 = 0x23456789;
    CHECK(page.writeItem(2, ItemType::I32, "intval1", &val2, sizeof(val2)) == ESP_OK);

    int32_t readVal;
    CHECK(page.readItem(2, ItemType::I32, "intval1", &readVal, sizeof(readVal)) == ESP_OK);
    CHECK(readVal == val2);

}

TEST_CASE("Page reading with different type causes type mismatch error", "[nvs]")
{
    PartitionEmulationFixture f;
    Page page;
    CHECK(page.load(&f.part, 0) == ESP_OK);
    int32_t val = 0x12345678;
    CHECK(page.writeItem(1, ItemType::I32, "intval1", &val, sizeof(val)) == ESP_OK);
    CHECK(page.readItem(1, ItemType::U32, "intval1", &val, sizeof(val)) == ESP_ERR_NVS_TYPE_MISMATCH);
}

TEST_CASE("Page when erased, it's state becomes UNITIALIZED", "[nvs]")
{
    PartitionEmulationFixture f;
    Page page;
    CHECK(page.load(&f.part, 0) == ESP_OK);
    int32_t val = 0x12345678;
    CHECK(page.writeItem(1, ItemType::I32, "intval1", &val, sizeof(val)) == ESP_OK);
    CHECK(page.erase() == ESP_OK);
    CHECK(page.state() == Page::PageState::UNINITIALIZED);
}

TEST_CASE("Page when writing and erasing, used/erased counts are updated correctly", "[nvs]")
{
    PartitionEmulationFixture f;
    Page page;
    CHECK(page.load(&f.part, 0) == ESP_OK);
    CHECK(page.getUsedEntryCount() == 0);
    CHECK(page.getErasedEntryCount() == 0);
    uint32_t foo1 = 0;
    CHECK(page.writeItem(1, "foo1", foo1) == ESP_OK);
    CHECK(page.getUsedEntryCount() == 1);
    CHECK(page.writeItem(2, "foo1", foo1) == ESP_OK);
    CHECK(page.getUsedEntryCount() == 2);
    CHECK(page.eraseItem<uint32_t>(2, "foo1") == ESP_OK);
    CHECK(page.getUsedEntryCount() == 1);
    CHECK(page.getErasedEntryCount() == 1);
    for (size_t i = 0; i < Page::ENTRY_COUNT - 2; ++i) {
        char name[16];
        snprintf(name, sizeof(name), "i%ld", (long int)i);
        CHECK(page.writeItem(1, name, i) == ESP_OK);
    }
    CHECK(page.getUsedEntryCount() == Page::ENTRY_COUNT - 1);
    CHECK(page.getErasedEntryCount() == 1);
    for (size_t i = 0; i < Page::ENTRY_COUNT - 2; ++i) {
        char name[16];
        snprintf(name, sizeof(name), "i%ld", (long int)i);
        CHECK(page.eraseItem(1, itemTypeOf<size_t>(), name) == ESP_OK);
    }
    CHECK(page.getUsedEntryCount() == 1);
    CHECK(page.getErasedEntryCount() == Page::ENTRY_COUNT - 1);
}

TEST_CASE("Page when page is full, adding an element fails", "[nvs]")
{
    PartitionEmulationFixture f;
    Page page;
    CHECK(page.load(&f.part, 0) == ESP_OK);
    for (size_t i = 0; i < Page::ENTRY_COUNT; ++i) {
        char name[16];
        snprintf(name, sizeof(name), "i%ld", (long int)i);
        CHECK(page.writeItem(1, name, i) == ESP_OK);
    }
    CHECK(page.writeItem(1, "foo", 64UL) == ESP_ERR_NVS_PAGE_FULL);
}

TEST_CASE("Page maintains its seq number")
{
    PartitionEmulationFixture f;
    {
        Page page;
        CHECK(page.load(&f.part, 0) == ESP_OK);
        CHECK(page.setSeqNumber(123) == ESP_OK);
        int32_t val = 42;
        CHECK(page.writeItem(1, ItemType::I32, "dummy", &val, sizeof(val)) == ESP_OK);
    }
    {
        Page page;
        CHECK(page.load(&f.part, 0) == ESP_OK);
        uint32_t seqno;
        CHECK(page.getSeqNumber(seqno) == ESP_OK);
        CHECK(seqno == 123);
    }
}

TEST_CASE("Page can write and read variable length data", "[nvs]")
{
    PartitionEmulationFixture f;
    Page page;
    CHECK(page.load(&f.part, 0) == ESP_OK);
    const char str[] = "foobar1234foobar1234foobar1234foobar1234foobar1234foobar1234foobar1234foobar1234";
    size_t len = strlen(str);
    CHECK(page.writeItem(1, "stuff1", 42) == ESP_OK);
    CHECK(page.writeItem(1, "stuff2", 1) == ESP_OK);
    CHECK(page.writeItem(1, ItemType::SZ, "foobaar", str, len + 1) == ESP_OK);
    CHECK(page.writeItem(1, "stuff3", 2) == ESP_OK);
    CHECK(page.writeItem(1, ItemType::BLOB, "baz", str, len) == ESP_OK);
    CHECK(page.writeItem(1, "stuff4", 0x7abbccdd) == ESP_OK);

    char buf[sizeof(str) + 16];
    int32_t value;
    CHECK(page.readItem(1, "stuff1", value) == ESP_OK);
    CHECK(value == 42);
    CHECK(page.readItem(1, "stuff2", value) == ESP_OK);
    CHECK(value == 1);
    CHECK(page.readItem(1, "stuff3", value) == ESP_OK);
    CHECK(value == 2);
    CHECK(page.readItem(1, "stuff4", value) == ESP_OK);
    CHECK(value == 0x7abbccdd);

    fill_n(buf, sizeof(buf), 0xff);
    CHECK(page.readItem(1, ItemType::SZ, "foobaar", buf, sizeof(buf)) == ESP_OK);
    CHECK(memcmp(buf, str, strlen(str) + 1) == 0);

    fill_n(buf, sizeof(buf), 0xff);
    CHECK(page.readItem(1, ItemType::BLOB, "baz", buf, sizeof(buf)) == ESP_OK);
    CHECK(memcmp(buf, str, strlen(str)) == 0);
}

TEST_CASE("Page different key names are distinguished even if the pointer is the same", "[nvs]")
{
    PartitionEmulationFixture f;
    Page page;
    TEST_ESP_OK(page.load(&f.part, 0));
    TEST_ESP_OK(page.writeItem(1, "i1", 1));
    TEST_ESP_OK(page.writeItem(1, "i2", 2));
    int32_t value;
    char keyname[10] = {0};
    for (int i = 0; i < 2; ++i) {
        strncpy(keyname, "i1", sizeof(keyname) - 1);
        TEST_ESP_OK(page.readItem(1, keyname, value));
        CHECK(value == 1);
        strncpy(keyname, "i2", sizeof(keyname) - 1);
        TEST_ESP_OK(page.readItem(1, keyname, value));
        CHECK(value == 2);
    }
}

TEST_CASE("Page validates key size", "[nvs]")
{
    PartitionEmulationFixture f(0, 4);
    Page page;
    TEST_ESP_OK(page.load(&f.part, 0));
    // 16-character key fails
    TEST_ESP_ERR(page.writeItem(1, "0123456789123456", 1), ESP_ERR_NVS_KEY_TOO_LONG);
    // 15-character key is okay
    TEST_ESP_OK(page.writeItem(1, "012345678912345", 1));
}

TEST_CASE("Page validates blob size", "[nvs]")
{
    PartitionEmulationFixture f(0, 4);
    Page page;
    TEST_ESP_OK(page.load(&f.part, 0));

    char buf[4096] = { 0 };
    // There are two potential errors here:
    // - not enough space in the page (because one value has been written already)
    // - value is too long
    // Check that the second one is actually returned.
    TEST_ESP_ERR(page.writeItem(1, ItemType::BLOB, "2", buf, Page::ENTRY_COUNT * Page::ENTRY_SIZE), ESP_ERR_NVS_VALUE_TOO_LONG);
    // Should fail as well
    TEST_ESP_ERR(page.writeItem(1, ItemType::BLOB, "2", buf, Page::CHUNK_MAX_SIZE + 1), ESP_ERR_NVS_VALUE_TOO_LONG);
    TEST_ESP_OK(page.writeItem(1, ItemType::BLOB, "2", buf, Page::CHUNK_MAX_SIZE));
}

TEST_CASE("Page handles invalid CRC of variable length items", "[nvs][cur]")
{
    PartitionEmulationFixture f(0, 4);
    {
        Page page;
        TEST_ESP_OK(page.load(&f.part, 0));
        char buf[128] = {0};
        TEST_ESP_OK(page.writeItem(1, ItemType::BLOB, "1", buf, sizeof(buf)));
    }
    // corrupt header of the item (64 is the offset of the first item in page)
    uint32_t overwrite_buf = 0;
    f.emu.write(64, &overwrite_buf, 4);
    // load page again
    {
        Page page;
        TEST_ESP_OK(page.load(&f.part, 0));
    }
}

class HashListTestHelper : public HashList
{
    public:
        size_t getBlockCount()
        {
            return mBlockList.size();
        }
};

TEST_CASE("HashList is cleaned up as soon as items are erased", "[nvs]")
{
    HashListTestHelper hashlist;
    // Add items
    const size_t count = 128;
    for (size_t i = 0; i < count; ++i) {
        char key[16];
        snprintf(key, sizeof(key), "i%ld", (long int)i);
        Item item(1, ItemType::U32, 1, key);
        hashlist.insert(item, i);
    }
    INFO("Added " << count << " items, " << hashlist.getBlockCount() << " blocks");
    // Remove them in reverse order
    for (size_t i = count; i > 0; --i) {
        // Make sure that the element existed before it's erased
        CHECK(hashlist.erase(i - 1) == true);
    }
    CHECK(hashlist.getBlockCount() == 0);
    // Add again
    for (size_t i = 0; i < count; ++i) {
        char key[16];
        snprintf(key, sizeof(key), "i%ld", (long int)i);
        Item item(1, ItemType::U32, 1, key);
        hashlist.insert(item, i);
    }
    INFO("Added " << count << " items, " << hashlist.getBlockCount() << " blocks");
    // Remove them in the same order
    for (size_t i = 0; i < count; ++i) {
        CHECK(hashlist.erase(i) == true);
    }
    CHECK(hashlist.getBlockCount() == 0);
}

TEST_CASE("can init PageManager in empty flash", "[nvs]")
{
    PartitionEmulationFixture f(0, 4);
    PageManager pm;
    CHECK(pm.load(&f.part, 0, 4) == ESP_OK);
}

TEST_CASE("PageManager adds page in the correct order", "[nvs]")
{
    const size_t pageCount = 8;
    PartitionEmulationFixture f(0, pageCount);
    uint32_t pageNo[pageCount] = { -1U, 50, 11, -1U, 23, 22, 24, 49};

    for (uint32_t i = 0; i < pageCount; ++i) {
        Page p;
        p.load(&f.part, i);
        if (pageNo[i] != -1U) {
            p.setSeqNumber(pageNo[i]);
            p.writeItem(1, "foo", 10U);
        }
    }

    PageManager pageManager;
    CHECK(pageManager.load(&f.part, 0, pageCount) == ESP_OK);

    uint32_t lastSeqNo = 0;
    for (auto it = std::begin(pageManager); it != std::end(pageManager); ++it) {
        uint32_t seqNo;
        CHECK(it->getSeqNumber(seqNo) == ESP_OK);
        CHECK(seqNo > lastSeqNo);
    }
}

TEST_CASE("can init storage in empty flash", "[nvs]")
{
    PartitionEmulationFixture f(0, 8);
    Storage storage(&f.part);
    f.emu.setBounds(4, 8);
    cout << "before check" << endl;
    CHECK(storage.init(4, 4) == ESP_OK);
    s_perf << "Time to init empty storage (4 sectors): " << f.emu.getTotalTime() << " us" << std::endl;
}

TEST_CASE("storage doesn't add duplicates within one page", "[nvs]")
{
    PartitionEmulationFixture f(0, 8);
    Storage storage(&f.part);
    f.emu.setBounds(4, 8);
    CHECK(storage.init(4, 4) == ESP_OK);
    int bar = 0;
    CHECK(storage.writeItem(1, "bar", ++bar) == ESP_OK);
    CHECK(storage.writeItem(1, "bar", ++bar) == ESP_OK);

    Page page;
    page.load(&f.part, 4);
    CHECK(page.getUsedEntryCount() == 1);
    CHECK(page.getErasedEntryCount() == 1);
}

TEST_CASE("can write one item a thousand times", "[nvs]")
{
    PartitionEmulationFixture f(0, 8);
    Storage storage(&f.part);
    f.emu.setBounds(4, 8);
    CHECK(storage.init(4, 4) == ESP_OK);
    for (size_t i = 0; i < Page::ENTRY_COUNT * 4 * 2; ++i) {
        REQUIRE(storage.writeItem(1, "i", static_cast<int>(i)) == ESP_OK);
    }
    s_perf << "Time to write one item a thousand times: " << f.emu.getTotalTime() << " us (" << f.emu.getEraseOps() << " " << f.emu.getWriteOps() << " " << f.emu.getReadOps() << " " << f.emu.getWriteBytes() << " " << f.emu.getReadBytes() << ")" << std::endl;
}

TEST_CASE("storage doesn't add duplicates within multiple pages", "[nvs]")
{
    PartitionEmulationFixture f(0, 8);
    Storage storage(&f.part);
    f.emu.setBounds(4, 8);
    CHECK(storage.init(4, 4) == ESP_OK);
    int bar = 0;
    CHECK(storage.writeItem(1, "bar", ++bar) == ESP_OK);
    for (size_t i = 0; i < Page::ENTRY_COUNT; ++i) {
        CHECK(storage.writeItem(1, "foo", static_cast<int>(++bar)) == ESP_OK);
    }
    CHECK(storage.writeItem(1, "bar", ++bar) == ESP_OK);

    Page page;
    page.load(&f.part, 4);
    CHECK(page.findItem(1, itemTypeOf<int>(), "bar") == ESP_ERR_NVS_NOT_FOUND);
    page.load(&f.part, 5);
    CHECK(page.findItem(1, itemTypeOf<int>(), "bar") == ESP_OK);
}

TEST_CASE("storage can find items on second page if first is not fully written and has cached search data", "[nvs]")
{
    PartitionEmulationFixture f(0, 3);
    Storage storage(&f.part);
    CHECK(storage.init(0, 3) == ESP_OK);
    int bar = 0;
    uint8_t bigdata[(Page::CHUNK_MAX_SIZE - Page::ENTRY_SIZE)/2] = {0};
    // write one big chunk of data
    ESP_ERROR_CHECK(storage.writeItem(0, ItemType::BLOB, "1", bigdata, sizeof(bigdata)));
    // write another big chunk of data
    ESP_ERROR_CHECK(storage.writeItem(0, ItemType::BLOB, "2", bigdata, sizeof(bigdata)));

    // write third one; it will not fit into the first page
    ESP_ERROR_CHECK(storage.writeItem(0, ItemType::BLOB, "3", bigdata, sizeof(bigdata)));

    size_t size;
    ESP_ERROR_CHECK(storage.getItemDataSize(0, ItemType::BLOB, "1", size));
    CHECK(size == sizeof(bigdata));
    ESP_ERROR_CHECK(storage.getItemDataSize(0, ItemType::BLOB, "3", size));
    CHECK(size == sizeof(bigdata));
}


TEST_CASE("can write and read variable length data lots of times", "[nvs]")
{
    PartitionEmulationFixture f(0, 8);
    Storage storage(&f.part);
    f.emu.setBounds(4, 8);
    CHECK(storage.init(4, 4) == ESP_OK);
    const char str[] = "foobar1234foobar1234foobar1234foobar1234foobar1234foobar1234foobar1234foobar1234";
    char buf[sizeof(str) + 16];
    size_t len = strlen(str);
    for (size_t i = 0; i < Page::ENTRY_COUNT * 4 * 2; ++i) {
        CAPTURE(i);
        CHECK(storage.writeItem(1, ItemType::SZ, "foobaar", str, len + 1) == ESP_OK);
        CHECK(storage.writeItem(1, "foo", static_cast<uint32_t>(i)) == ESP_OK);

        uint32_t value;
        CHECK(storage.readItem(1, "foo", value) == ESP_OK);
        CHECK(value == i);

        fill_n(buf, sizeof(buf), 0xff);
        CHECK(storage.readItem(1, ItemType::SZ, "foobaar", buf, sizeof(buf)) == ESP_OK);
        CHECK(memcmp(buf, str, strlen(str) + 1) == 0);
    }
    s_perf << "Time to write one string and one integer a thousand times: " << f.emu.getTotalTime() << " us (" << f.emu.getEraseOps() << " " << f.emu.getWriteOps() << " " << f.emu.getReadOps() << " " << f.emu.getWriteBytes() << " " << f.emu.getReadBytes() << ")" << std::endl;
}


TEST_CASE("can get length of variable length data", "[nvs]")
{
    PartitionEmulationFixture f(0, 8);
    f.emu.randomize(200);
    Storage storage(&f.part);
    f.emu.setBounds(4, 8);
    CHECK(storage.init(4, 4) == ESP_OK);
    const char str[] = "foobar1234foobar1234foobar1234foobar1234foobar1234foobar1234foobar1234foobar1234";
    size_t len = strlen(str);
    CHECK(storage.writeItem(1, ItemType::SZ, "foobaar", str, len + 1) == ESP_OK);
    size_t dataSize;
    CHECK(storage.getItemDataSize(1, ItemType::SZ, "foobaar", dataSize) == ESP_OK);
    CHECK(dataSize == len + 1);

    CHECK(storage.writeItem(2, ItemType::BLOB, "foobaar", str, len) == ESP_OK);
    CHECK(storage.getItemDataSize(2, ItemType::BLOB, "foobaar", dataSize) == ESP_OK);
    CHECK(dataSize == len);
}


TEST_CASE("can create namespaces", "[nvs]")
{
    PartitionEmulationFixture f(0, 8);
    Storage storage(&f.part);
    f.emu.setBounds(4, 8);
    CHECK(storage.init(4, 4) == ESP_OK);
    uint8_t nsi;
    CHECK(storage.createOrOpenNamespace("wifi", false, nsi) == ESP_ERR_NVS_NOT_FOUND);

    CHECK(storage.createOrOpenNamespace("wifi", true, nsi) == ESP_OK);
    Page page;
    page.load(&f.part, 4);
    CHECK(page.findItem(Page::NS_INDEX, ItemType::U8, "wifi") == ESP_OK);
}

TEST_CASE("storage may become full", "[nvs]")
{
    PartitionEmulationFixture f(0, 8);
    Storage storage(&f.part);
    f.emu.setBounds(4, 8);
    CHECK(storage.init(4, 4) == ESP_OK);
    for (size_t i = 0; i < Page::ENTRY_COUNT * 3; ++i) {
        char name[Item::MAX_KEY_LENGTH + 1];
        snprintf(name, sizeof(name), "key%05d", static_cast<int>(i));
        REQUIRE(storage.writeItem(1, name, static_cast<int>(i)) == ESP_OK);
    }
    REQUIRE(storage.writeItem(1, "foo", 10) == ESP_ERR_NVS_NOT_ENOUGH_SPACE);
}

TEST_CASE("can modify an item on a page which will be erased", "[nvs]")
{
    PartitionEmulationFixture f(0, 8);
    Storage storage(&f.part);
    CHECK(storage.init(0, 2) == ESP_OK);
    for (size_t i = 0; i < Page::ENTRY_COUNT * 3 + 1; ++i) {
        REQUIRE(storage.writeItem(1, "foo", 42U) == ESP_OK);
    }
}

TEST_CASE("erase operations are distributed among sectors", "[nvs]")
{
    const size_t sectors = 6;
    PartitionEmulationFixture f(0, sectors);
    Storage storage(&f.part);
    CHECK(storage.init(0, sectors) == ESP_OK);

    /* Fill some part of storage with static values */
    const size_t static_sectors = 2;
    for (size_t i = 0; i < static_sectors * Page::ENTRY_COUNT; ++i) {
        char name[Item::MAX_KEY_LENGTH];
        snprintf(name, sizeof(name), "static%d", (int) i);
        REQUIRE(storage.writeItem(1, name, i) == ESP_OK);
    }

    /* Now perform many write operations */
    const size_t write_ops = 2000;
    for (size_t i = 0; i < write_ops; ++i) {
        REQUIRE(storage.writeItem(1, "value", i) == ESP_OK);
    }

    /* Check that erase counts are distributed between the remaining sectors */
    const size_t max_erase_cnt = write_ops / Page::ENTRY_COUNT / (sectors - static_sectors) + 1;
    for (size_t i = 0; i < sectors; ++i) {
        auto erase_cnt = f.emu.getSectorEraseCount(i);
        INFO("Sector " << i << " erased " << erase_cnt);
        CHECK(erase_cnt <= max_erase_cnt);
    }
}

TEST_CASE("can erase items", "[nvs]")
{
    PartitionEmulationFixture f(0, 8);
    Storage storage(&f.part);
    CHECK(storage.init(0, 3) == ESP_OK);
    for (size_t i = 0; i < Page::ENTRY_COUNT * 2 - 3; ++i) {
        char name[Item::MAX_KEY_LENGTH + 1];
        snprintf(name, sizeof(name), "key%05d", static_cast<int>(i));
        REQUIRE(storage.writeItem(3, name, static_cast<int>(i)) == ESP_OK);
    }
    CHECK(storage.writeItem(1, "foo", 32) == ESP_OK);
    CHECK(storage.writeItem(2, "foo", 64) == ESP_OK);
    CHECK(storage.eraseItem(2, "foo") == ESP_OK);
    int val;
    CHECK(storage.readItem(1, "foo", val) == ESP_OK);
    CHECK(val == 32);
    CHECK(storage.eraseNamespace(3) == ESP_OK);
    CHECK(storage.readItem(2, "foo", val) == ESP_ERR_NVS_NOT_FOUND);
    CHECK(storage.readItem(3, "key00222", val) == ESP_ERR_NVS_NOT_FOUND);
}

TEST_CASE("namespace name is deep copy", "[nvs]")
{
    char ns_name[16];
    strcpy(ns_name, "const_name");

    nvs_handle_t handle_1;
    nvs_handle_t handle_2;
    const uint32_t NVS_FLASH_SECTOR = 6;
    const uint32_t NVS_FLASH_SECTOR_COUNT_MIN = 3;
    PartitionEmulationFixture f(NVS_FLASH_SECTOR,
            NVS_FLASH_SECTOR_COUNT_MIN);
    f.emu.setBounds(NVS_FLASH_SECTOR, NVS_FLASH_SECTOR + NVS_FLASH_SECTOR_COUNT_MIN);

    TEST_ESP_OK(NVSPartitionManager::get_instance()->init_custom(&f.part,
            NVS_FLASH_SECTOR,
            NVS_FLASH_SECTOR_COUNT_MIN));

    TEST_ESP_OK(nvs_open("const_name", NVS_READWRITE, &handle_1));
    strcpy(ns_name, "just_kidding");

    CHECK(nvs_open("just_kidding", NVS_READONLY, &handle_2) == ESP_ERR_NVS_NOT_FOUND);

    nvs_close(handle_1);
    nvs_close(handle_2);

    nvs_flash_deinit_partition(NVS_DEFAULT_PART_NAME);
}

TEST_CASE("readonly handle fails on writing", "[nvs]")
{
    PartitionEmulationFixture f(0, 10);
    const char* str = "value 0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef";
    const uint8_t blob[8] = {0x0, 0x1, 0x2, 0x3, 0x4, 0x5, 0x6, 0x7};

    nvs_handle_t handle_1;
    const uint32_t NVS_FLASH_SECTOR = 6;
    const uint32_t NVS_FLASH_SECTOR_COUNT_MIN = 3;
    f.emu.setBounds(NVS_FLASH_SECTOR, NVS_FLASH_SECTOR + NVS_FLASH_SECTOR_COUNT_MIN);

    TEST_ESP_OK(NVSPartitionManager::get_instance()->init_custom(&f.part,
            NVS_FLASH_SECTOR,
            NVS_FLASH_SECTOR_COUNT_MIN));

    // first, creating namespace...
    TEST_ESP_OK(nvs_open("ro_ns", NVS_READWRITE, &handle_1));
    nvs_close(handle_1);

    TEST_ESP_OK(nvs_open("ro_ns", NVS_READONLY, &handle_1));
    TEST_ESP_ERR(nvs_set_i32(handle_1, "key", 47), ESP_ERR_NVS_READ_ONLY);
    TEST_ESP_ERR(nvs_set_str(handle_1, "key", str), ESP_ERR_NVS_READ_ONLY);
    TEST_ESP_ERR(nvs_set_blob(handle_1, "key", blob, 8), ESP_ERR_NVS_READ_ONLY);

    nvs_close(handle_1);

    // without deinit it affects "nvs api tests"
    TEST_ESP_OK(nvs_flash_deinit_partition(NVS_DEFAULT_PART_NAME));
}

TEST_CASE("nvs api tests", "[nvs]")
{
    PartitionEmulationFixture f(0, 10);
    f.emu.randomize(100);

    nvs_handle_t handle_1;
    const uint32_t NVS_FLASH_SECTOR = 6;
    const uint32_t NVS_FLASH_SECTOR_COUNT_MIN = 3;
    f.emu.setBounds(NVS_FLASH_SECTOR, NVS_FLASH_SECTOR + NVS_FLASH_SECTOR_COUNT_MIN);


    TEST_ESP_ERR(nvs_open("namespace1", NVS_READWRITE, &handle_1), ESP_ERR_NVS_NOT_INITIALIZED);
    for (uint16_t i = NVS_FLASH_SECTOR; i <NVS_FLASH_SECTOR + NVS_FLASH_SECTOR_COUNT_MIN; ++i) {
        f.emu.erase(i);
    }
    TEST_ESP_OK(NVSPartitionManager::get_instance()->init_custom(&f.part,
            NVS_FLASH_SECTOR,
            NVS_FLASH_SECTOR_COUNT_MIN));

    TEST_ESP_ERR(nvs_open("namespace1", NVS_READONLY, &handle_1), ESP_ERR_NVS_NOT_FOUND);

    // TEST_ESP_ERR(nvs_set_i32(handle_1, "foo", 0x12345678), ESP_ERR_NVS_READ_ONLY);
    // nvs_close(handle_1);

    TEST_ESP_OK(nvs_open("namespace1", NVS_READWRITE, &handle_1));
    TEST_ESP_OK(nvs_set_i32(handle_1, "foo", 0x12345678));
    TEST_ESP_OK(nvs_set_i32(handle_1, "foo", 0x23456789));

    nvs_handle_t handle_2;
    TEST_ESP_OK(nvs_open("namespace2", NVS_READWRITE, &handle_2));
    TEST_ESP_OK(nvs_set_i32(handle_2, "foo", 0x3456789a));
    const char* str = "value 0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef";
    TEST_ESP_OK(nvs_set_str(handle_2, "key", str));

    int32_t v1;
    TEST_ESP_OK(nvs_get_i32(handle_1, "foo", &v1));
    CHECK(0x23456789 == v1);

    int32_t v2;
    TEST_ESP_OK(nvs_get_i32(handle_2, "foo", &v2));
    CHECK(0x3456789a == v2);

    char buf[strlen(str) + 1];
    size_t buf_len = sizeof(buf);

    size_t buf_len_needed;
    TEST_ESP_OK(nvs_get_str(handle_2, "key", NULL, &buf_len_needed));
    CHECK(buf_len_needed == buf_len);

    size_t buf_len_short = buf_len - 1;
    TEST_ESP_ERR(ESP_ERR_NVS_INVALID_LENGTH, nvs_get_str(handle_2, "key", buf, &buf_len_short));
    CHECK(buf_len_short == buf_len);

    size_t buf_len_long = buf_len + 1;
    TEST_ESP_OK(nvs_get_str(handle_2, "key", buf, &buf_len_long));
    CHECK(buf_len_long == buf_len);

    TEST_ESP_OK(nvs_get_str(handle_2, "key", buf, &buf_len));

    CHECK(0 == strcmp(buf, str));
    nvs_close(handle_1);
    nvs_close(handle_2);

    TEST_ESP_OK(nvs_flash_deinit_partition(NVS_DEFAULT_PART_NAME));
}

TEST_CASE("deinit partition doesn't affect other partition's open handles", "[nvs]")
{
    const char *OTHER_PARTITION_NAME = "other_part";
    PartitionEmulationFixture f(0, 10);
    PartitionEmulationFixture f_other(0, 10, OTHER_PARTITION_NAME);
    const char* str = "value 0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef";
    const uint8_t blob[8] = {0x0, 0x1, 0x2, 0x3, 0x4, 0x5, 0x6, 0x7};

    nvs_handle_t handle_1;
    const uint32_t NVS_FLASH_SECTOR = 6;
    const uint32_t NVS_FLASH_SECTOR_COUNT_MIN = 3;
    f.emu.setBounds(NVS_FLASH_SECTOR, NVS_FLASH_SECTOR + NVS_FLASH_SECTOR_COUNT_MIN);
    f_other.emu.setBounds(NVS_FLASH_SECTOR, NVS_FLASH_SECTOR + NVS_FLASH_SECTOR_COUNT_MIN);

    TEST_ESP_OK(NVSPartitionManager::get_instance()->init_custom(&f.part,
            NVS_FLASH_SECTOR,
            NVS_FLASH_SECTOR_COUNT_MIN));
    TEST_ESP_OK(NVSPartitionManager::get_instance()->init_custom(&f_other.part,
            NVS_FLASH_SECTOR,
            NVS_FLASH_SECTOR_COUNT_MIN));

    TEST_ESP_OK(nvs_open_from_partition(OTHER_PARTITION_NAME, "ns", NVS_READWRITE, &handle_1));

    // Deinitializing must not interfere with the open handle from the other partition.
    TEST_ESP_OK(nvs_flash_deinit_partition(NVS_DEFAULT_PART_NAME));

    TEST_ESP_OK(nvs_set_i32(handle_1, "foo", 0x3456789a));
    nvs_close(handle_1);

    TEST_ESP_OK(nvs_flash_deinit_partition(OTHER_PARTITION_NAME));
}

TEST_CASE("nvs iterator nvs_entry_find invalid parameter test", "[nvs]")
{
    nvs_iterator_t it = reinterpret_cast<nvs_iterator_t>(0xbeef);
    CHECK(nvs_entry_find(nullptr, NULL, NVS_TYPE_ANY, &it) == ESP_ERR_INVALID_ARG);
    CHECK(nvs_entry_find("nvs", NULL, NVS_TYPE_ANY, nullptr) == ESP_ERR_INVALID_ARG);
}

TEST_CASE("nvs iterator nvs_entry_find doesn't change iterator on parameter error", "[nvs]")
{
    nvs_iterator_t it = reinterpret_cast<nvs_iterator_t>(0xbeef);
    REQUIRE(nvs_entry_find(nullptr, NULL, NVS_TYPE_ANY, &it) == ESP_ERR_INVALID_ARG);
    CHECK(it == reinterpret_cast<nvs_iterator_t>(0xbeef));

    it = nullptr;
    REQUIRE(nvs_entry_find(nullptr, NULL, NVS_TYPE_ANY, &it) == ESP_ERR_INVALID_ARG);
    CHECK(it == nullptr);
}

TEST_CASE("nvs_entry_next return ESP_ERR_INVALID_ARG on parameter is NULL", "[nvs]")
{
    CHECK(nvs_entry_next(nullptr) == ESP_ERR_INVALID_ARG);
}

TEST_CASE("nvs_entry_info fails with ESP_ERR_INVALID_ARG if a parameter is NULL", "[nvs]")
{
    nvs_iterator_t it = reinterpret_cast<nvs_iterator_t>(0xbeef);
    nvs_entry_info_t info;
    CHECK(nvs_entry_info(it, nullptr) == ESP_ERR_INVALID_ARG);
    CHECK(nvs_entry_info(nullptr, &info) == ESP_ERR_INVALID_ARG);
}

TEST_CASE("nvs_entry_info doesn't change iterator on parameter error", "[nvs]")
{
    nvs_iterator_t it = reinterpret_cast<nvs_iterator_t>(0xbeef);
    nvs_entry_info_t info;
    REQUIRE(nvs_entry_info(it, nullptr) == ESP_ERR_INVALID_ARG);
    CHECK(it == reinterpret_cast<nvs_iterator_t>(0xbeef));

    it = nullptr;
    REQUIRE(nvs_entry_info(it, nullptr) == ESP_ERR_INVALID_ARG);
    CHECK(it == nullptr);
}

TEST_CASE("nvs iterators tests", "[nvs]")
{
    PartitionEmulationFixture f(0, 5);

    const uint32_t NVS_FLASH_SECTOR = 0;
    const uint32_t NVS_FLASH_SECTOR_COUNT_MIN = 5;
    f.emu.setBounds(NVS_FLASH_SECTOR, NVS_FLASH_SECTOR + NVS_FLASH_SECTOR_COUNT_MIN);

    for (uint16_t i = NVS_FLASH_SECTOR; i < NVS_FLASH_SECTOR + NVS_FLASH_SECTOR_COUNT_MIN; ++i) {
        f.emu.erase(i);
    }
    TEST_ESP_OK(NVSPartitionManager::get_instance()->init_custom(&f.part,
            NVS_FLASH_SECTOR,
            NVS_FLASH_SECTOR_COUNT_MIN));

    nvs_iterator_t it;
    nvs_entry_info_t info;
    nvs_handle handle_1;
    nvs_handle handle_2;
    const  uint32_t blob = 0x11223344;
    const char *name_1 = "namespace1";
    const char *name_2 = "namespace2";
    TEST_ESP_OK(nvs_open(name_1, NVS_READWRITE, &handle_1));
    TEST_ESP_OK(nvs_open(name_2, NVS_READWRITE, &handle_2));

    TEST_ESP_OK(nvs_set_i8(handle_1, "value1", -11));
    TEST_ESP_OK(nvs_set_u8(handle_1, "value2", 11));
    TEST_ESP_OK(nvs_set_i16(handle_1, "value3", 1234));
    TEST_ESP_OK(nvs_set_u16(handle_1, "value4", -1234));
    TEST_ESP_OK(nvs_set_i32(handle_1, "value5", -222));
    TEST_ESP_OK(nvs_set_i32(handle_1, "value6", -222));
    TEST_ESP_OK(nvs_set_i32(handle_1, "value7", -222));
    TEST_ESP_OK(nvs_set_u32(handle_1, "value8", 222));
    TEST_ESP_OK(nvs_set_u32(handle_1, "value9", 222));
    TEST_ESP_OK(nvs_set_str(handle_1, "value10", "foo"));
    TEST_ESP_OK(nvs_set_blob(handle_1, "value11", &blob, sizeof(blob)));
    TEST_ESP_OK(nvs_set_i32(handle_2, "value1", -111));
    TEST_ESP_OK(nvs_set_i32(handle_2, "value2", -111));
    TEST_ESP_OK(nvs_set_i64(handle_2, "value3", -555));
    TEST_ESP_OK(nvs_set_u64(handle_2, "value4", 555));

    auto entry_count = [](const char *part, const char *name, nvs_type_t type)-> int {
        int count = 0;
        nvs_iterator_t it = nullptr;
        esp_err_t res = nvs_entry_find(part, name, type, &it);
        for (count = 0; res == ESP_OK; count++) {
            res = nvs_entry_next(&it);
        }
        CHECK(res == ESP_ERR_NVS_NOT_FOUND); // after finishing the loop or if no entry was found to begin with,
                                             // res has to be ESP_ERR_NVS_NOT_FOUND or some internal error
                                             // or programming error occurred
        nvs_release_iterator(it); // unneccessary call but emphasizes the programming pattern
        return count;
    };

    SECTION("No partition found return ESP_ERR_NVS_NOT_FOUND")
    {
        CHECK(nvs_entry_find("", NULL, NVS_TYPE_ANY, &it) == ESP_ERR_NVS_NOT_FOUND);
    }

    SECTION("No matching namespace found return ESP_ERR_NVS_NOT_FOUND")
    {
        CHECK(nvs_entry_find(NVS_DEFAULT_PART_NAME, "nonexistent", NVS_TYPE_ANY, &it) == ESP_ERR_NVS_NOT_FOUND);
    }

    SECTION("nvs_entry_find sets iterator to null if no matching element found")
    {
        it = reinterpret_cast<nvs_iterator_t>(0xbeef);
        REQUIRE(nvs_entry_find(NVS_DEFAULT_PART_NAME, "nonexistent", NVS_TYPE_I16, &it) == ESP_ERR_NVS_NOT_FOUND);
        CHECK(it == nullptr);
    }

    SECTION("Finding iterator means iterator is valid")
    {
        it = nullptr;
        CHECK(nvs_entry_find(NVS_DEFAULT_PART_NAME, nullptr, NVS_TYPE_ANY, &it) == ESP_OK);
        CHECK(it != nullptr);
        nvs_release_iterator(it);
    }

    SECTION("Return ESP_ERR_NVS_NOT_FOUND after iterating over last matching element")
    {
        it = nullptr;
        REQUIRE(nvs_entry_find(NVS_DEFAULT_PART_NAME, name_1, NVS_TYPE_I16, &it) == ESP_OK);
        REQUIRE(it != nullptr);
        CHECK(nvs_entry_next(&it) == ESP_ERR_NVS_NOT_FOUND);
    }

    SECTION("Set iterator to NULL after iterating over last matching element")
    {
        it = nullptr;
        REQUIRE(nvs_entry_find(NVS_DEFAULT_PART_NAME, name_1, NVS_TYPE_I16, &it) == ESP_OK);
        REQUIRE(it != nullptr);
        REQUIRE(nvs_entry_next(&it) == ESP_ERR_NVS_NOT_FOUND);
        CHECK(it == nullptr);
    }

    SECTION("Number of entries found for specified namespace and type is correct")
    {
         CHECK(entry_count(NVS_DEFAULT_PART_NAME, NULL, NVS_TYPE_ANY) == 15);
         CHECK(entry_count(NVS_DEFAULT_PART_NAME, name_1, NVS_TYPE_ANY) == 11);
         CHECK(entry_count(NVS_DEFAULT_PART_NAME, name_1, NVS_TYPE_I32) == 3);
         CHECK(entry_count(NVS_DEFAULT_PART_NAME, NULL, NVS_TYPE_I32) == 5);
         CHECK(entry_count(NVS_DEFAULT_PART_NAME, NULL, NVS_TYPE_U64) == 1);
    }

    SECTION("New entry is not created when existing key-value pair is set")
    {
         CHECK(entry_count(NVS_DEFAULT_PART_NAME, name_2, NVS_TYPE_ANY) == 4);
         TEST_ESP_OK(nvs_set_i32(handle_2, "value1", -222));
         CHECK(entry_count(NVS_DEFAULT_PART_NAME, name_2, NVS_TYPE_ANY) == 4);
    }

    SECTION("Number of entries found decrease when entry is erased")
    {
        CHECK(entry_count(NVS_DEFAULT_PART_NAME, NULL, NVS_TYPE_U64) == 1);
        TEST_ESP_OK(nvs_erase_key(handle_2, "value4"));
        CHECK(entry_count(NVS_DEFAULT_PART_NAME, "", NVS_TYPE_U64) == 0);
    }

    SECTION("All fields of nvs_entry_info_t structure are correct")
    {
        it = nullptr;
        esp_err_t res = nvs_entry_find(NVS_DEFAULT_PART_NAME, name_1, NVS_TYPE_I32, &it);
        REQUIRE(res == ESP_OK);
        string key = "value5";
        while (res == ESP_OK) {
            REQUIRE(nvs_entry_info(it, &info) == ESP_OK);

            CHECK(string(name_1) == info.namespace_name);
            CHECK(key == info.key);
            CHECK(info.type == NVS_TYPE_I32);

            res = nvs_entry_next(&it);
            key[5]++;
        }
        CHECK(res == ESP_ERR_NVS_NOT_FOUND); // after finishing the loop, res has to be ESP_ERR_NVS_NOT_FOUND
                                             // or some internal error or programming error occurred
        CHECK(key == "value8");
        nvs_release_iterator(it); // unneccessary call but emphasizes the programming pattern
    }

    SECTION("Entry info is not affected by subsequent erase")
    {
        nvs_entry_info_t info_after_erase;

        CHECK(nvs_entry_find(NVS_DEFAULT_PART_NAME, name_1, NVS_TYPE_ANY, &it) == ESP_OK);
        REQUIRE(nvs_entry_info(it, &info) == ESP_OK);
        TEST_ESP_OK(nvs_erase_key(handle_1, "value1"));
        REQUIRE(nvs_entry_info(it, &info_after_erase) == ESP_OK);
        CHECK(memcmp(&info, &info_after_erase, sizeof(info)) == 0);
        nvs_release_iterator(it);
    }

    SECTION("Entry info is not affected by subsequent set")
    {
        nvs_entry_info_t info_after_set;

        CHECK(nvs_entry_find(NVS_DEFAULT_PART_NAME, name_1, NVS_TYPE_ANY, &it) == ESP_OK);
        REQUIRE(nvs_entry_info(it, &info) == ESP_OK);
        TEST_ESP_OK(nvs_set_u8(handle_1, info.key, 44));
        REQUIRE(nvs_entry_info(it, &info_after_set) == ESP_OK);
        CHECK(memcmp(&info, &info_after_set, sizeof(info)) == 0);
        nvs_release_iterator(it);
    }


    SECTION("Iterating over multiple pages works correctly")
    {
        nvs_handle handle_3;
        const char *name_3 = "namespace3";
        const int entries_created = 250;

        TEST_ESP_OK(nvs_open(name_3, NVS_READWRITE, &handle_3));
        for  (size_t i = 0; i < entries_created; i++) {
            TEST_ESP_OK(nvs_set_u8(handle_3, to_string(i).c_str(), 123));
        }

        int entries_found = 0;
        it = nullptr;
        esp_err_t res = nvs_entry_find(NVS_DEFAULT_PART_NAME, name_3, NVS_TYPE_ANY, &it);
        while(res == ESP_OK) {
            entries_found++;
            res = nvs_entry_next(&it);
        }
        CHECK(res == ESP_ERR_NVS_NOT_FOUND); // after finishing the loop, res has to be ESP_ERR_NVS_NOT_FOUND
                                             // or some internal error or programming error occurred
        CHECK(entries_created == entries_found);

        nvs_release_iterator(it); // unneccessary call but emphasizes the programming pattern
        nvs_close(handle_3);
    }

    SECTION("Iterating over multi-page blob works correctly")
    {
        nvs_handle handle_3;
        const char *name_3 = "namespace3";
        const uint8_t multipage_blob[4096 * 2] = { 0 };
        const int NUMBER_OF_ENTRIES_PER_PAGE = 125;
        size_t occupied_entries;

        TEST_ESP_OK(nvs_open(name_3, NVS_READWRITE, &handle_3));
        nvs_set_blob(handle_3, "blob", multipage_blob, sizeof(multipage_blob));
        TEST_ESP_OK(nvs_get_used_entry_count(handle_3, &occupied_entries));
        CHECK(occupied_entries > NUMBER_OF_ENTRIES_PER_PAGE *  2);

        CHECK(entry_count(NVS_DEFAULT_PART_NAME, name_3, NVS_TYPE_BLOB) == 1);

        nvs_close(handle_3);
    }

    nvs_close(handle_1);
    nvs_close(handle_2);

    TEST_ESP_OK(nvs_flash_deinit_partition(NVS_DEFAULT_PART_NAME));
}

TEST_CASE("Iterator with not matching type iterates correctly", "[nvs]")
{
    PartitionEmulationFixture f(0, 5);
    nvs_iterator_t it;
    nvs_handle_t my_handle;
    const char* NAMESPACE = "test_ns_4";

    const uint32_t NVS_FLASH_SECTOR = 0;
    const uint32_t NVS_FLASH_SECTOR_COUNT_MIN = 5;
    f.emu.setBounds(NVS_FLASH_SECTOR, NVS_FLASH_SECTOR + NVS_FLASH_SECTOR_COUNT_MIN);

    for (uint16_t i = NVS_FLASH_SECTOR; i < NVS_FLASH_SECTOR + NVS_FLASH_SECTOR_COUNT_MIN; ++i) {
        f.emu.erase(i);
    }
    TEST_ESP_OK(NVSPartitionManager::get_instance()->init_custom(&f.part,
            NVS_FLASH_SECTOR,
            NVS_FLASH_SECTOR_COUNT_MIN));

    // writing string to namespace (a type which spans multiple entries)
    TEST_ESP_OK(nvs_open(NAMESPACE, NVS_READWRITE, &my_handle));
    TEST_ESP_OK(nvs_set_str(my_handle, "test-string", "InitString0"));
    TEST_ESP_OK(nvs_commit(my_handle));
    nvs_close(my_handle);

    CHECK(nvs_entry_find(NVS_DEFAULT_PART_NAME, NAMESPACE, NVS_TYPE_I32, &it) == ESP_ERR_NVS_NOT_FOUND);

    // re-init to trigger cleaning up of broken items -> a corrupted string will be erased
    nvs_flash_deinit();
    TEST_ESP_OK(NVSPartitionManager::get_instance()->init_custom(&f.part,
            NVS_FLASH_SECTOR,
            NVS_FLASH_SECTOR_COUNT_MIN));

    CHECK(nvs_entry_find(NVS_DEFAULT_PART_NAME, NAMESPACE, NVS_TYPE_STR, &it) == ESP_OK);
    nvs_release_iterator(it);

    // without deinit it affects "nvs api tests"
    TEST_ESP_OK(nvs_flash_deinit_partition(NVS_DEFAULT_PART_NAME));
}

TEST_CASE("wifi test", "[nvs]")
{
    PartitionEmulationFixture f(0, 10);
    f.emu.randomize(10);


    const uint32_t NVS_FLASH_SECTOR = 5;
    const uint32_t NVS_FLASH_SECTOR_COUNT_MIN = 3;
    f.emu.setBounds(NVS_FLASH_SECTOR, NVS_FLASH_SECTOR + NVS_FLASH_SECTOR_COUNT_MIN);
    TEST_ESP_OK(NVSPartitionManager::get_instance()->init_custom(&f.part,
            NVS_FLASH_SECTOR,
            NVS_FLASH_SECTOR_COUNT_MIN));

    nvs_handle_t misc_handle;
    TEST_ESP_OK(nvs_open("nvs.net80211", NVS_READWRITE, &misc_handle));
    char log[33];
    size_t log_size = sizeof(log);
    TEST_ESP_ERR(nvs_get_str(misc_handle, "log", log, &log_size), ESP_ERR_NVS_NOT_FOUND);
    strcpy(log, "foobarbazfizzz");
    TEST_ESP_OK(nvs_set_str(misc_handle, "log", log));

    nvs_handle_t net80211_handle;
    TEST_ESP_OK(nvs_open("nvs.net80211", NVS_READWRITE, &net80211_handle));

    uint8_t opmode = 2;
    TEST_ESP_ERR(nvs_get_u8(net80211_handle, "wifi.opmode", &opmode), ESP_ERR_NVS_NOT_FOUND);

    TEST_ESP_OK(nvs_set_u8(net80211_handle, "wifi.opmode", opmode));

    uint8_t country = 0;
    TEST_ESP_ERR(nvs_get_u8(net80211_handle, "wifi.country", &opmode), ESP_ERR_NVS_NOT_FOUND);
    TEST_ESP_OK(nvs_set_u8(net80211_handle, "wifi.country", opmode));

    char ssid[36];
    size_t size = sizeof(ssid);
    TEST_ESP_ERR(nvs_get_blob(net80211_handle, "sta.ssid", ssid, &size), ESP_ERR_NVS_NOT_FOUND);
    strcpy(ssid, "my android AP");
    TEST_ESP_OK(nvs_set_blob(net80211_handle, "sta.ssid", ssid, size));

    char mac[6];
    size = sizeof(mac);
    TEST_ESP_ERR(nvs_get_blob(net80211_handle, "sta.mac", mac, &size), ESP_ERR_NVS_NOT_FOUND);
    memset(mac, 0xab, 6);
    TEST_ESP_OK(nvs_set_blob(net80211_handle, "sta.mac", mac, size));

    uint8_t authmode = 1;
    TEST_ESP_ERR(nvs_get_u8(net80211_handle, "sta.authmode", &authmode), ESP_ERR_NVS_NOT_FOUND);
    TEST_ESP_OK(nvs_set_u8(net80211_handle, "sta.authmode", authmode));

    char pswd[65];
    size = sizeof(pswd);
    TEST_ESP_ERR(nvs_get_blob(net80211_handle, "sta.pswd", pswd, &size), ESP_ERR_NVS_NOT_FOUND);
    strcpy(pswd, "`123456788990-=");
    TEST_ESP_OK(nvs_set_blob(net80211_handle, "sta.pswd", pswd, size));

    char pmk[32];
    size = sizeof(pmk);
    TEST_ESP_ERR(nvs_get_blob(net80211_handle, "sta.pmk", pmk, &size), ESP_ERR_NVS_NOT_FOUND);
    memset(pmk, 1, size);
    TEST_ESP_OK(nvs_set_blob(net80211_handle, "sta.pmk", pmk, size));

    uint8_t chan = 1;
    TEST_ESP_ERR(nvs_get_u8(net80211_handle, "sta.chan", &chan), ESP_ERR_NVS_NOT_FOUND);
    TEST_ESP_OK(nvs_set_u8(net80211_handle, "sta.chan", chan));

    uint8_t autoconn = 1;
    TEST_ESP_ERR(nvs_get_u8(net80211_handle, "auto.conn", &autoconn), ESP_ERR_NVS_NOT_FOUND);
    TEST_ESP_OK(nvs_set_u8(net80211_handle, "auto.conn", autoconn));

    uint8_t bssid_set = 1;
    TEST_ESP_ERR(nvs_get_u8(net80211_handle, "bssid.set", &bssid_set), ESP_ERR_NVS_NOT_FOUND);
    TEST_ESP_OK(nvs_set_u8(net80211_handle, "bssid.set", bssid_set));

    char bssid[6];
    size = sizeof(bssid);
    TEST_ESP_ERR(nvs_get_blob(net80211_handle, "sta.bssid", bssid, &size), ESP_ERR_NVS_NOT_FOUND);
    memset(mac, 0xcd, 6);
    TEST_ESP_OK(nvs_set_blob(net80211_handle, "sta.bssid", bssid, size));

    uint8_t phym = 3;
    TEST_ESP_ERR(nvs_get_u8(net80211_handle, "sta.phym", &phym), ESP_ERR_NVS_NOT_FOUND);
    TEST_ESP_OK(nvs_set_u8(net80211_handle, "sta.phym", phym));

    uint8_t phybw = 2;
    TEST_ESP_ERR(nvs_get_u8(net80211_handle, "sta.phybw", &phybw), ESP_ERR_NVS_NOT_FOUND);
    TEST_ESP_OK(nvs_set_u8(net80211_handle, "sta.phybw", phybw));

    char apsw[2];
    size = sizeof(apsw);
    TEST_ESP_ERR(nvs_get_blob(net80211_handle, "sta.apsw", apsw, &size), ESP_ERR_NVS_NOT_FOUND);
    memset(apsw, 0x2, size);
    TEST_ESP_OK(nvs_set_blob(net80211_handle, "sta.apsw", apsw, size));

    char apinfo[700];
    size = sizeof(apinfo);
    TEST_ESP_ERR(nvs_get_blob(net80211_handle, "sta.apinfo", apinfo, &size), ESP_ERR_NVS_NOT_FOUND);
    memset(apinfo, 0, size);
    TEST_ESP_OK(nvs_set_blob(net80211_handle, "sta.apinfo", apinfo, size));

    size = sizeof(ssid);
    TEST_ESP_ERR(nvs_get_blob(net80211_handle, "ap.ssid", ssid, &size), ESP_ERR_NVS_NOT_FOUND);
    strcpy(ssid, "ESP_A2F340");
    TEST_ESP_OK(nvs_set_blob(net80211_handle, "ap.ssid", ssid, size));

    size = sizeof(mac);
    TEST_ESP_ERR(nvs_get_blob(net80211_handle, "ap.mac", mac, &size), ESP_ERR_NVS_NOT_FOUND);
    memset(mac, 0xac, 6);
    TEST_ESP_OK(nvs_set_blob(net80211_handle, "ap.mac", mac, size));

    size = sizeof(pswd);
    TEST_ESP_ERR(nvs_get_blob(net80211_handle, "ap.passwd", pswd, &size), ESP_ERR_NVS_NOT_FOUND);
    strcpy(pswd, "");
    TEST_ESP_OK(nvs_set_blob(net80211_handle, "ap.passwd", pswd, size));

    size = sizeof(pmk);
    TEST_ESP_ERR(nvs_get_blob(net80211_handle, "ap.pmk", pmk, &size), ESP_ERR_NVS_NOT_FOUND);
    memset(pmk, 1, size);
    TEST_ESP_OK(nvs_set_blob(net80211_handle, "ap.pmk", pmk, size));

    chan = 6;
    TEST_ESP_ERR(nvs_get_u8(net80211_handle, "ap.chan", &chan), ESP_ERR_NVS_NOT_FOUND);
    TEST_ESP_OK(nvs_set_u8(net80211_handle, "ap.chan", chan));

    authmode = 0;
    TEST_ESP_ERR(nvs_get_u8(net80211_handle, "ap.authmode", &authmode), ESP_ERR_NVS_NOT_FOUND);
    TEST_ESP_OK(nvs_set_u8(net80211_handle, "ap.authmode", authmode));

    uint8_t hidden = 0;
    TEST_ESP_ERR(nvs_get_u8(net80211_handle, "ap.hidden", &hidden), ESP_ERR_NVS_NOT_FOUND);
    TEST_ESP_OK(nvs_set_u8(net80211_handle, "ap.hidden", hidden));

    uint8_t max_conn = 4;
    TEST_ESP_ERR(nvs_get_u8(net80211_handle, "ap.max.conn", &max_conn), ESP_ERR_NVS_NOT_FOUND);
    TEST_ESP_OK(nvs_set_u8(net80211_handle, "ap.max.conn", max_conn));

    uint8_t bcn_interval = 2;
    TEST_ESP_ERR(nvs_get_u8(net80211_handle, "bcn_interval", &bcn_interval), ESP_ERR_NVS_NOT_FOUND);
    TEST_ESP_OK(nvs_set_u8(net80211_handle, "bcn_interval", bcn_interval));

    s_perf << "Time to simulate nvs init with wifi libs: " << f.emu.getTotalTime() << " us (" << f.emu.getEraseOps() << "E " << f.emu.getWriteOps() << "W " << f.emu.getReadOps() << "R " << f.emu.getWriteBytes() << "Wb " << f.emu.getReadBytes() << "Rb)" << std::endl;

    TEST_ESP_OK(nvs_flash_deinit_partition(NVS_DEFAULT_PART_NAME));
}

TEST_CASE("writing the identical content does not write or erase", "[nvs]")
{
    PartitionEmulationFixture f(0, 20);

    const uint32_t NVS_FLASH_SECTOR = 5;
    const uint32_t NVS_FLASH_SECTOR_COUNT_MIN = 10;
    f.emu.setBounds(NVS_FLASH_SECTOR, NVS_FLASH_SECTOR + NVS_FLASH_SECTOR_COUNT_MIN);
    TEST_ESP_OK(NVSPartitionManager::get_instance()->init_custom(&f.part,
            NVS_FLASH_SECTOR,
            NVS_FLASH_SECTOR_COUNT_MIN));

    nvs_handle misc_handle;
    TEST_ESP_OK(nvs_open("test", NVS_READWRITE, &misc_handle));

    // Test writing a u8 twice, then changing it
    nvs_set_u8(misc_handle, "test_u8", 8);
    f.emu.clearStats();
    nvs_set_u8(misc_handle, "test_u8", 8);
    CHECK(f.emu.getWriteOps() == 0);
    CHECK(f.emu.getEraseOps() == 0);
    CHECK(f.emu.getReadOps()  != 0);
    f.emu.clearStats();
    nvs_set_u8(misc_handle, "test_u8", 9);
    CHECK(f.emu.getWriteOps() != 0);
    CHECK(f.emu.getReadOps()  != 0);

    // Test writing a string twice, then changing it
    static const char *test[2] = {"Hello world.", "Hello world!"};
    nvs_set_str(misc_handle, "test_str", test[0]);
    f.emu.clearStats();
    nvs_set_str(misc_handle, "test_str", test[0]);
    CHECK(f.emu.getWriteOps() == 0);
    CHECK(f.emu.getEraseOps() == 0);
    CHECK(f.emu.getReadOps()  != 0);
    f.emu.clearStats();
    nvs_set_str(misc_handle, "test_str", test[1]);
    CHECK(f.emu.getWriteOps() != 0);
    CHECK(f.emu.getReadOps()  != 0);

    // Test writing a multi-page blob, then changing it
    uint8_t blob[Page::CHUNK_MAX_SIZE * 3] = {0};
    memset(blob, 1, sizeof(blob));
    nvs_set_blob(misc_handle, "test_blob", blob, sizeof(blob));
    f.emu.clearStats();
    nvs_set_blob(misc_handle, "test_blob", blob, sizeof(blob));
    CHECK(f.emu.getWriteOps() == 0);
    CHECK(f.emu.getEraseOps() == 0);
    CHECK(f.emu.getReadOps()  != 0);
    blob[sizeof(blob) - 1]++;
    f.emu.clearStats();
    nvs_set_blob(misc_handle, "test_blob", blob, sizeof(blob));
    CHECK(f.emu.getWriteOps() != 0);
    CHECK(f.emu.getReadOps()  != 0);

    TEST_ESP_OK(nvs_flash_deinit_partition(NVS_DEFAULT_PART_NAME));
}

TEST_CASE("can init storage from flash with random contents", "[nvs]")
{
    PartitionEmulationFixture f(0, 10);
    f.emu.randomize(42);

    nvs_handle_t handle;
    const uint32_t NVS_FLASH_SECTOR = 5;
    const uint32_t NVS_FLASH_SECTOR_COUNT_MIN = 3;
    f.emu.setBounds(NVS_FLASH_SECTOR, NVS_FLASH_SECTOR + NVS_FLASH_SECTOR_COUNT_MIN);
    TEST_ESP_OK(NVSPartitionManager::get_instance()->init_custom(&f.part,
            NVS_FLASH_SECTOR,
            NVS_FLASH_SECTOR_COUNT_MIN));

    TEST_ESP_OK(nvs_open("nvs.net80211", NVS_READWRITE, &handle));

    uint8_t opmode = 2;
    if (nvs_get_u8(handle, "wifi.opmode", &opmode) != ESP_OK) {
        TEST_ESP_OK(nvs_set_u8(handle, "wifi.opmode", opmode));
    }

    TEST_ESP_OK(nvs_flash_deinit_partition(NVS_DEFAULT_PART_NAME));
}


TEST_CASE("nvs api tests, starting with random data in flash", "[nvs][long]")
{
    const size_t testIters = 3000;
    int lastPercent = -1;
    for (size_t count = 0; count < testIters; ++count) {
        int percentDone = (int) (count * 100 / testIters);
        if (percentDone != lastPercent) {
            lastPercent = percentDone;
            printf("%d%%\n", percentDone);
        }
        PartitionEmulationFixture f(0, 10);
        f.emu.randomize(static_cast<uint32_t>(count));

        const uint32_t NVS_FLASH_SECTOR = 6;
        const uint32_t NVS_FLASH_SECTOR_COUNT_MIN = 3;
        f.emu.setBounds(NVS_FLASH_SECTOR, NVS_FLASH_SECTOR + NVS_FLASH_SECTOR_COUNT_MIN);

        TEST_ESP_OK(NVSPartitionManager::get_instance()->init_custom(&f.part,
                NVS_FLASH_SECTOR,
                NVS_FLASH_SECTOR_COUNT_MIN));

        nvs_handle_t handle_1;
        TEST_ESP_ERR(nvs_open("namespace1", NVS_READONLY, &handle_1), ESP_ERR_NVS_NOT_FOUND);

        TEST_ESP_OK(nvs_open("namespace1", NVS_READWRITE, &handle_1));
        TEST_ESP_OK(nvs_set_i32(handle_1, "foo", 0x12345678));
        for (size_t i = 0; i < 500; ++i) {
            nvs_handle_t handle_2;
            TEST_ESP_OK(nvs_open("namespace2", NVS_READWRITE, &handle_2));
            TEST_ESP_OK(nvs_set_i32(handle_1, "foo", 0x23456789 % (i + 1)));
            TEST_ESP_OK(nvs_set_i32(handle_2, "foo", static_cast<int32_t>(i)));
            const char* str = "value 0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef %09d";
            char str_buf[128];
            snprintf(str_buf, sizeof(str_buf), str, i + count * 1024);
            TEST_ESP_OK(nvs_set_str(handle_2, "key", str_buf));

            int32_t v1;
            TEST_ESP_OK(nvs_get_i32(handle_1, "foo", &v1));
            CHECK(0x23456789 % (i + 1) == v1);

            int32_t v2;
            TEST_ESP_OK(nvs_get_i32(handle_2, "foo", &v2));
            CHECK(static_cast<int32_t>(i) == v2);

            char buf[128];
            size_t buf_len = sizeof(buf);

            TEST_ESP_OK(nvs_get_str(handle_2, "key", buf, &buf_len));

            CHECK(0 == strcmp(buf, str_buf));
            nvs_close(handle_2);
        }
        nvs_close(handle_1);

        TEST_ESP_OK(nvs_flash_deinit_partition(f.part.get_partition_name()));
    }
}
extern "C" void nvs_dump(const char *partName);

class RandomTest {

    static const size_t nKeys = 11;
    int32_t v1 = 0, v2 = 0;
    uint64_t v3 = 0, v4 = 0;
    static const size_t strBufLen = 1024;
    static const size_t smallBlobLen = Page::CHUNK_MAX_SIZE / 3;
    static const size_t largeBlobLen = Page::CHUNK_MAX_SIZE * 3;
    char v5[strBufLen], v6[strBufLen], v7[strBufLen], v8[strBufLen], v9[strBufLen];
    uint8_t v10[smallBlobLen], v11[largeBlobLen];
    bool written[nKeys];

public:
    RandomTest()
    {
        std::fill_n(written, nKeys, false);
    }

    template<typename TGen>
    esp_err_t doRandomThings(nvs_handle_t handle, TGen gen, size_t& count) {

        const char* keys[] = {"foo", "bar", "longkey_0123456", "another key", "param1", "param2", "param3", "param4", "param5", "singlepage", "multipage"};
        const ItemType types[] = {ItemType::I32, ItemType::I32, ItemType::U64, ItemType::U64, ItemType::SZ, ItemType::SZ, ItemType::SZ, ItemType::SZ, ItemType::SZ, ItemType::BLOB, ItemType::BLOB};

        void* values[] = {&v1, &v2, &v3, &v4, &v5, &v6, &v7, &v8, &v9, &v10, &v11};

        const size_t nKeys = sizeof(keys) / sizeof(keys[0]);
        static_assert(nKeys == sizeof(types) / sizeof(types[0]), "");
        static_assert(nKeys == sizeof(values) / sizeof(values[0]), "");

        auto randomRead = [&](size_t index) -> esp_err_t {
            switch (types[index]) {
                case ItemType::I32:
                {
                    int32_t val;
                    auto err = nvs_get_i32(handle, keys[index], &val);
                    if (err == ESP_ERR_FLASH_OP_FAIL) {
                        return err;
                    }
                    if (!written[index]) {
                        REQUIRE(err == ESP_ERR_NVS_NOT_FOUND);
                    }
                    else {
                        REQUIRE(err == ESP_OK);
                        REQUIRE(val == *reinterpret_cast<int32_t*>(values[index]));
                    }
                    break;
                }

                case ItemType::U64:
                {
                    uint64_t val;
                    auto err = nvs_get_u64(handle, keys[index], &val);
                    if (err == ESP_ERR_FLASH_OP_FAIL) {
                        return err;
                    }
                    if (!written[index]) {
                        REQUIRE(err == ESP_ERR_NVS_NOT_FOUND);
                    }
                    else {
                        REQUIRE(err == ESP_OK);
                        REQUIRE(val == *reinterpret_cast<uint64_t*>(values[index]));
                    }
                    break;
                }

                case ItemType::SZ:
                {
                    char buf[strBufLen];
                    size_t len = strBufLen;
                    auto err = nvs_get_str(handle, keys[index], buf, &len);
                    if (err == ESP_ERR_FLASH_OP_FAIL) {
                        return err;
                    }
                    if (!written[index]) {
                        REQUIRE(err == ESP_ERR_NVS_NOT_FOUND);
                    }
                    else {
                        REQUIRE(err == ESP_OK);
                        REQUIRE(strncmp(buf, reinterpret_cast<const char*>(values[index]), strBufLen) == 0);
                    }
                    break;
                }

                case ItemType::BLOB:
                {
                    uint32_t blobBufLen = 0;
                    if(strncmp(keys[index],"singlepage", sizeof("singlepage")) == 0) {
                       blobBufLen = smallBlobLen ;
                    } else {
                       blobBufLen = largeBlobLen ;

                    }
                    uint8_t buf[blobBufLen];
                    memset(buf, 0, blobBufLen);

                    size_t len = blobBufLen;
                    auto err = nvs_get_blob(handle, keys[index], buf, &len);
                    if (err == ESP_ERR_FLASH_OP_FAIL) {
                        return err;
                    }
                    if (!written[index]) {
                        REQUIRE(err == ESP_ERR_NVS_NOT_FOUND);
                    }
                    else {
                        REQUIRE(err == ESP_OK);
                        REQUIRE(memcmp(buf, reinterpret_cast<const uint8_t*>(values[index]), blobBufLen) == 0);
                    }
                    break;
                }


                default:
                    assert(0);
            }
            return ESP_OK;
        };

        auto randomWrite = [&](size_t index) -> esp_err_t {
            switch (types[index]) {
                case ItemType::I32:
                {
                    int32_t val = static_cast<int32_t>(gen());

                    auto err = nvs_set_i32(handle, keys[index], val);
                    if (err == ESP_ERR_FLASH_OP_FAIL) {
                        return err;
                    }
                    if (err == ESP_ERR_NVS_REMOVE_FAILED) {
                        written[index] = true;
                        *reinterpret_cast<int32_t*>(values[index]) = val;
                        return ESP_ERR_FLASH_OP_FAIL;
                    }
                    REQUIRE(err == ESP_OK);
                    written[index] = true;
                    *reinterpret_cast<int32_t*>(values[index]) = val;
                    break;
                }

                case ItemType::U64:
                {
                    uint64_t val = static_cast<uint64_t>(gen());

                    auto err = nvs_set_u64(handle, keys[index], val);
                    if (err == ESP_ERR_FLASH_OP_FAIL) {
                        return err;
                    }
                    if (err == ESP_ERR_NVS_REMOVE_FAILED) {
                        written[index] = true;
                        *reinterpret_cast<uint64_t*>(values[index]) = val;
                        return ESP_ERR_FLASH_OP_FAIL;
                    }
                    REQUIRE(err == ESP_OK);
                    written[index] = true;
                    *reinterpret_cast<uint64_t*>(values[index]) = val;
                    break;
                }

                case ItemType::SZ:
                {
                    char buf[strBufLen];
                    size_t len = strBufLen;

                    size_t strLen = gen() % (strBufLen - 1);
                    std::generate_n(buf, strLen, [&]() -> char {
                        const char c = static_cast<char>(gen() % 127);
                        return (c < 32) ? 32 : c;
                    });
                    buf[strLen] = 0;

                    auto err = nvs_set_str(handle, keys[index], buf);
                    if (err == ESP_ERR_FLASH_OP_FAIL) {
                        return err;
                    }
                    if (err == ESP_ERR_NVS_REMOVE_FAILED) {
                        written[index] = true;
                        strncpy(reinterpret_cast<char*>(values[index]), buf, strBufLen);
                        return ESP_ERR_FLASH_OP_FAIL;
                    }
                    REQUIRE(err == ESP_OK);
                    written[index] = true;
                    strncpy(reinterpret_cast<char*>(values[index]), buf, strBufLen);
                    break;
                }

                case ItemType::BLOB:
                {
                    uint32_t blobBufLen = 0;
                    if(strncmp(keys[index],"singlepage", sizeof("singlepage")) == 0) {
                       blobBufLen = smallBlobLen ;
                    } else {
                       blobBufLen = largeBlobLen ;
                    }
                    uint8_t buf[blobBufLen];
                    memset(buf, 0, blobBufLen);
                    size_t blobLen = gen() % blobBufLen;
                    std::generate_n(buf, blobLen, [&]() -> uint8_t {
                        return static_cast<uint8_t>(gen() % 256);
                    });

                    auto err = nvs_set_blob(handle, keys[index], buf, blobLen);
                    if (err == ESP_ERR_FLASH_OP_FAIL) {
                        return err;
                    }
                    if (err == ESP_ERR_NVS_REMOVE_FAILED) {
                        written[index] = true;
                        memcpy(reinterpret_cast<uint8_t*>(values[index]), buf, blobBufLen);
                        return ESP_ERR_FLASH_OP_FAIL;
                    }
                    REQUIRE(err == ESP_OK);
                    written[index] = true;
                    memcpy(reinterpret_cast<char*>(values[index]), buf, blobBufLen);
                    break;
                }

                default:
                    assert(0);
            }
            return ESP_OK;
        };


        for (; count != 0; --count) {
            size_t index = gen() % (nKeys);
            switch (gen() % 3) {
                case 0:  // read, 1/3
                    if (randomRead(index) == ESP_ERR_FLASH_OP_FAIL) {
                        return ESP_ERR_FLASH_OP_FAIL;
                    }
                    break;

                default: // write, 2/3
                    if (randomWrite(index) == ESP_ERR_FLASH_OP_FAIL) {
                        return ESP_ERR_FLASH_OP_FAIL;
                    }
                    break;
            }
        }
        return ESP_OK;
    }

    esp_err_t handleExternalWriteAtIndex(uint8_t index, const void* value, const size_t len ) {
        if(index == 9) {  /* This is only done for small-page blobs for now*/
            if(len > smallBlobLen) {
                return ESP_FAIL;
            }
            memcpy(v10, value, len);
            written[index] = true;
            return ESP_OK;
        } else {
            return ESP_FAIL;
        }
    }
};

TEST_CASE("monkey test", "[nvs][monkey]")
{
    std::random_device rd;
    std::mt19937 gen(rd());
    uint32_t seed = 3;
    gen.seed(seed);

    PartitionEmulationFixture f(0, 10);
    f.emu.randomize(seed);
    f.emu.clearStats();

    const uint32_t NVS_FLASH_SECTOR = 2;
    const uint32_t NVS_FLASH_SECTOR_COUNT_MIN = 8;
    f.emu.setBounds(NVS_FLASH_SECTOR, NVS_FLASH_SECTOR + NVS_FLASH_SECTOR_COUNT_MIN);

    TEST_ESP_OK(NVSPartitionManager::get_instance()->init_custom(&f.part,
            NVS_FLASH_SECTOR,
            NVS_FLASH_SECTOR_COUNT_MIN));

    nvs_handle_t handle;
    TEST_ESP_OK(nvs_open("namespace1", NVS_READWRITE, &handle));
    RandomTest test;
    size_t count = 1000;
    CHECK(test.doRandomThings(handle, gen, count) == ESP_OK);

    s_perf << "Monkey test: nErase=" << f.emu.getEraseOps() << " nWrite=" << f.emu.getWriteOps() << std::endl;

    TEST_ESP_OK(nvs_flash_deinit_partition(NVS_DEFAULT_PART_NAME));
}

TEST_CASE("test recovery from sudden poweroff", "[long][nvs][recovery][monkey]")
{
    std::random_device rd;
    std::mt19937 gen(rd());
    uint32_t seed = 3;
    gen.seed(seed);
    const size_t iter_count = 2000;

    size_t totalOps = 0;
    int lastPercent = -1;
    for (uint32_t errDelay = 0; ; ++errDelay) {
        INFO(errDelay);

        PartitionEmulationFixture f(0, 10);
        const uint32_t NVS_FLASH_SECTOR = 2;
        const uint32_t NVS_FLASH_SECTOR_COUNT_MIN = 8;
        f.emu.setBounds(NVS_FLASH_SECTOR, NVS_FLASH_SECTOR + NVS_FLASH_SECTOR_COUNT_MIN);

        f.emu.randomize(seed);
        f.emu.clearStats();
        f.emu.failAfter(errDelay);
        RandomTest test;

        if (totalOps != 0) {
            int percent = errDelay * 100 / totalOps;
            if (percent > lastPercent) {
                printf("%d/%d (%d%%)\r\n", errDelay, static_cast<int>(totalOps), percent);
                lastPercent = percent;
            }
        }


        nvs_handle_t handle;
        size_t count = iter_count;

        if (NVSPartitionManager::get_instance()->init_custom(&f.part,
                NVS_FLASH_SECTOR,
                NVS_FLASH_SECTOR_COUNT_MIN) == ESP_OK) {
            auto res = ESP_ERR_FLASH_OP_FAIL;
            if (nvs_open("namespace1", NVS_READWRITE, &handle) == ESP_OK) {
                res = test.doRandomThings(handle, gen, count);
                nvs_close(handle);
            }

            TEST_ESP_OK(nvs_flash_deinit_partition(NVS_DEFAULT_PART_NAME));
            if (res != ESP_ERR_FLASH_OP_FAIL) {
                // This means we got to the end without an error due to f.emu.failAfter(), therefore errDelay
                // is high enough that we're not triggering it any more, therefore we're done
                break;
            }
        }

        TEST_ESP_OK(NVSPartitionManager::get_instance()->init_custom(&f.part,
                NVS_FLASH_SECTOR,
                NVS_FLASH_SECTOR_COUNT_MIN));
        TEST_ESP_OK(nvs_open("namespace1", NVS_READWRITE, &handle));
        auto res = test.doRandomThings(handle, gen, count);
        if (res != ESP_OK) {
            nvs_dump(NVS_DEFAULT_PART_NAME);
            CHECK(0);
        }
        nvs_close(handle);
        totalOps = f.emu.getEraseOps() + f.emu.getWriteBytes() / 4;

        TEST_ESP_OK(nvs_flash_deinit_partition(NVS_DEFAULT_PART_NAME));
    }
}

TEST_CASE("test for memory leaks in open/set", "[leaks]")
{
    PartitionEmulationFixture f(0, 10);
    const uint32_t NVS_FLASH_SECTOR = 6;
    const uint32_t NVS_FLASH_SECTOR_COUNT_MIN = 3;
    f.emu.setBounds(NVS_FLASH_SECTOR, NVS_FLASH_SECTOR + NVS_FLASH_SECTOR_COUNT_MIN);
    TEST_ESP_OK(NVSPartitionManager::get_instance()->init_custom(&f.part,
            NVS_FLASH_SECTOR,
            NVS_FLASH_SECTOR_COUNT_MIN));

    for (int i = 0; i < 100000; ++i) {
        nvs_handle_t light_handle = 0;
        char lightbulb[1024] = {12, 13, 14, 15, 16};
        TEST_ESP_OK(nvs_open("light", NVS_READWRITE, &light_handle));
        TEST_ESP_OK(nvs_set_blob(light_handle, "key", lightbulb, sizeof(lightbulb)));
        TEST_ESP_OK(nvs_commit(light_handle));
        nvs_close(light_handle);
    }

    TEST_ESP_OK(nvs_flash_deinit_partition(NVS_DEFAULT_PART_NAME));
}

TEST_CASE("duplicate items are removed", "[nvs][dupes]")
{
    PartitionEmulationFixture f(0, 3);
    {
        // create one item
        nvs::Page p;
        p.load(&f.part, 0);
        p.writeItem<uint8_t>(1, "opmode", 3);
    }
    {
        // add another two without deleting the first one
        nvs::Item item(1, ItemType::U8, 1, "opmode");
        item.data[0] = 2;
        item.crc32 = item.calculateCrc32();
        f.emu.write(3 * 32, reinterpret_cast<const uint32_t*>(&item), sizeof(item));
        f.emu.write(4 * 32, reinterpret_cast<const uint32_t*>(&item), sizeof(item));
        uint32_t mask = 0xFFFFFFEA;
        f.emu.write(32, &mask, 4);
    }
    {
        // load page and check that second item persists
        nvs::Storage s(&f.part);
        s.init(0, 3);
        uint8_t val;
        ESP_ERROR_CHECK(s.readItem(1, "opmode", val));
        CHECK(val == 2);
    }
    {
        Page p;
        p.load(&f.part, 0);
        CHECK(p.getErasedEntryCount() == 2);
        CHECK(p.getUsedEntryCount() == 1);
    }
}

TEST_CASE("recovery after failure to write data", "[nvs]")
{
    PartitionEmulationFixture f(0, 3);
    const char str[] = "value 0123456789abcdef012345678value 0123456789abcdef012345678";

    // make flash write fail exactly in Page::writeEntryData
    f.emu.failAfter(17);
    {
        Storage storage(&f.part);
        TEST_ESP_OK(storage.init(0, 3));

        TEST_ESP_ERR(storage.writeItem(1, ItemType::SZ, "key", str, strlen(str)), ESP_ERR_FLASH_OP_FAIL);

        // check that repeated operations cause an error
        TEST_ESP_ERR(storage.writeItem(1, ItemType::SZ, "key", str, strlen(str)), ESP_ERR_NVS_INVALID_STATE);

        uint8_t val;
        TEST_ESP_ERR(storage.readItem(1, ItemType::U8, "key", &val, sizeof(val)), ESP_ERR_NVS_NOT_FOUND);
    }
    {
        // load page and check that data was erased
        Page p;
        p.load(&f.part, 0);
        CHECK(p.getErasedEntryCount() == 3);
        CHECK(p.getUsedEntryCount() == 0);

        // try to write again
        TEST_ESP_OK(p.writeItem(1, ItemType::SZ, "key", str, strlen(str)));
    }
}

TEST_CASE("crc errors in item header are handled", "[nvs]")
{
    PartitionEmulationFixture f(0, 3);
    Storage storage(&f.part);
    // prepare some data
    TEST_ESP_OK(storage.init(0, 3));
    TEST_ESP_OK(storage.writeItem(0, "ns1", static_cast<uint8_t>(1)));
    TEST_ESP_OK(storage.writeItem(1, "value1", static_cast<uint32_t>(1)));
    TEST_ESP_OK(storage.writeItem(1, "value2", static_cast<uint32_t>(2)));

    // corrupt item header
    uint32_t val = 0;
    f.emu.write(32 * 3, &val, 4);

    // check that storage can recover
    TEST_ESP_OK(storage.init(0, 3));
    TEST_ESP_OK(storage.readItem(1, "value2", val));
    CHECK(val == 2);
    // check that the corrupted item is no longer present
    TEST_ESP_ERR(ESP_ERR_NVS_NOT_FOUND, storage.readItem(1, "value1", val));

    // add more items to make the page full
    for (size_t i = 0; i < Page::ENTRY_COUNT; ++i) {
        char item_name[Item::MAX_KEY_LENGTH + 1];
        snprintf(item_name, sizeof(item_name), "item_%ld", (long int)i);
        TEST_ESP_OK(storage.writeItem(1, item_name, static_cast<uint32_t>(i)));
    }

    // corrupt another item on the full page
    val = 0;
    f.emu.write(32 * 4, &val, 4);

    // check that storage can recover
    TEST_ESP_OK(storage.init(0, 3));
    // check that the corrupted item is no longer present
    TEST_ESP_ERR(ESP_ERR_NVS_NOT_FOUND, storage.readItem(1, "value2", val));
}

TEST_CASE("crc error in variable length item is handled", "[nvs]")
{
    PartitionEmulationFixture f(0, 3);
    const uint64_t before_val = 0xbef04e;
    const uint64_t after_val = 0xaf7e4;
    // write some data
    {
        Page p;
        p.load(&f.part, 0);
        TEST_ESP_OK(p.writeItem<uint64_t>(0, "before", before_val));
        const char* str = "foobar";
        TEST_ESP_OK(p.writeItem(0, ItemType::SZ, "key", str, strlen(str)));
        TEST_ESP_OK(p.writeItem<uint64_t>(0, "after", after_val));
    }
    // corrupt some data
    uint32_t w;
    CHECK(f.emu.read(&w, 32 * 3 + 8, sizeof(w)));
    w &= 0xf000000f;
    CHECK(f.emu.write(32 * 3 + 8, &w, sizeof(w)));
    // load and check
    {
        Page p;
        p.load(&f.part, 0);
        CHECK(p.getUsedEntryCount() == 2);
        CHECK(p.getErasedEntryCount() == 2);

        uint64_t val;
        TEST_ESP_OK(p.readItem<uint64_t>(0, "before", val));
        CHECK(val == before_val);
        TEST_ESP_ERR(p.findItem(0, ItemType::SZ, "key"), ESP_ERR_NVS_NOT_FOUND);
        TEST_ESP_OK(p.readItem<uint64_t>(0, "after", val));
        CHECK(val == after_val);
    }
}


TEST_CASE("read/write failure (TW8406)", "[nvs]")
{
    PartitionEmulationFixture f(0, 3);
    NVSPartitionManager::get_instance()->init_custom(&f.part, 0, 3);
    for (int attempts = 0; attempts < 3; ++attempts) {
        int i = 0;
        nvs_handle_t light_handle = 0;
        char key[15] = {0};
        char data[76] = {12, 13, 14, 15, 16};
        uint8_t number = 20;
        size_t data_len = sizeof(data);

        ESP_ERROR_CHECK(nvs_open("LIGHT", NVS_READWRITE, &light_handle));
        ESP_ERROR_CHECK(nvs_set_u8(light_handle, "RecordNum", number));
        for (i = 0; i < number; ++i) {
            sprintf(key, "light%d", i);
            ESP_ERROR_CHECK(nvs_set_blob(light_handle, key, data, sizeof(data)));
        }
        nvs_commit(light_handle);

        uint8_t get_number = 0;
        ESP_ERROR_CHECK(nvs_get_u8(light_handle, "RecordNum", &get_number));
        REQUIRE(number == get_number);
        for (i = 0; i < number; ++i) {
            char data[76] = {0};
            sprintf(key, "light%d", i);
            ESP_ERROR_CHECK(nvs_get_blob(light_handle, key, data, &data_len));
        }
        nvs_close(light_handle);
    }

    TEST_ESP_OK(nvs_flash_deinit_partition(NVS_DEFAULT_PART_NAME));
}

TEST_CASE("nvs_flash_init checks for an empty page", "[nvs]")
{
    const size_t blob_size = Page::CHUNK_MAX_SIZE;
    uint8_t blob[blob_size] = {0};
    PartitionEmulationFixture f(0, 8);
    TEST_ESP_OK( NVSPartitionManager::get_instance()->init_custom(&f.part, 0, 5) );
    nvs_handle_t handle;
    TEST_ESP_OK( nvs_open("test", NVS_READWRITE, &handle) );
    // Fill first page
    TEST_ESP_OK( nvs_set_blob(handle, "1a", blob, blob_size) );
    // Fill second page
    TEST_ESP_OK( nvs_set_blob(handle, "2a", blob, blob_size) );
    // Fill third page
    TEST_ESP_OK( nvs_set_blob(handle, "3a", blob, blob_size) );
    TEST_ESP_OK( nvs_commit(handle) );
    nvs_close(handle);
    TEST_ESP_OK(nvs_flash_deinit_partition(NVS_DEFAULT_PART_NAME));
    // first two pages are now full, third one is writable, last two are empty
    // init should fail
    TEST_ESP_ERR( NVSPartitionManager::get_instance()->init_custom(&f.part, 0, 3),
            ESP_ERR_NVS_NO_FREE_PAGES );

    // in case this test fails, to not affect other tests
    nvs_flash_deinit_partition(NVS_DEFAULT_PART_NAME);
}

TEST_CASE("multiple partitions access check", "[nvs]")
{
    SpiFlashEmulator emu(10);
    PartitionEmulation p0(&emu, 0 * SPI_FLASH_SEC_SIZE, 5 * SPI_FLASH_SEC_SIZE, "nvs1");
    PartitionEmulation p1(&emu, 5 * SPI_FLASH_SEC_SIZE, 5 * SPI_FLASH_SEC_SIZE, "nvs2");
    TEST_ESP_OK( NVSPartitionManager::get_instance()->init_custom(&p0, 0, 5) );
    TEST_ESP_OK( NVSPartitionManager::get_instance()->init_custom(&p1, 5, 5) );
    nvs_handle_t handle1, handle2;
    TEST_ESP_OK( nvs_open_from_partition("nvs1", "test", NVS_READWRITE, &handle1) );
    TEST_ESP_OK( nvs_open_from_partition("nvs2", "test", NVS_READWRITE, &handle2) );
    TEST_ESP_OK( nvs_set_i32(handle1, "foo", 0xdeadbeef));
    TEST_ESP_OK( nvs_set_i32(handle2, "foo", 0xcafebabe));
    int32_t v1, v2;
    TEST_ESP_OK( nvs_get_i32(handle1, "foo", &v1));
    TEST_ESP_OK( nvs_get_i32(handle2, "foo", &v2));
    CHECK(v1 == 0xdeadbeef);
    CHECK(v2 == 0xcafebabe);

    TEST_ESP_OK(nvs_flash_deinit_partition(p0.get_partition_name()));
    TEST_ESP_OK(nvs_flash_deinit_partition(p1.get_partition_name()));
}

TEST_CASE("nvs page selection takes into account free entries also not just erased entries", "[nvs]")
{
    const size_t blob_size = Page::CHUNK_MAX_SIZE/2;
    uint8_t blob[blob_size] = {0};
    PartitionEmulationFixture f(0, 3);
    TEST_ESP_OK( NVSPartitionManager::get_instance()->init_custom(&f.part, 0, 3) );
    nvs_handle_t handle;
    TEST_ESP_OK( nvs_open("test", NVS_READWRITE, &handle) );
    // Fill first page
    TEST_ESP_OK( nvs_set_blob(handle, "1a", blob, blob_size/3) );
    TEST_ESP_OK( nvs_set_blob(handle, "1b", blob, blob_size) );
    // Fill second page
    TEST_ESP_OK( nvs_set_blob(handle, "2a", blob, blob_size) );
    TEST_ESP_OK( nvs_set_blob(handle, "2b", blob, blob_size) );

    // The item below should be able to fit the first page.
    TEST_ESP_OK( nvs_set_blob(handle, "3a", blob, 4) );
    TEST_ESP_OK( nvs_commit(handle) );
    nvs_close(handle);

    TEST_ESP_OK(nvs_flash_deinit_partition(f.part.get_partition_name()));
}

TEST_CASE("calculate used and free space", "[nvs]")
{
    PartitionEmulationFixture f(0, 6);
    nvs_flash_deinit();
    TEST_ESP_ERR(nvs_get_stats(NULL, NULL), ESP_ERR_INVALID_ARG);
    nvs_stats_t stat1;
    nvs_stats_t stat2;
    TEST_ESP_ERR(nvs_get_stats(NULL, &stat1), ESP_ERR_NVS_NOT_INITIALIZED);
    CHECK(stat1.free_entries == 0);
    CHECK(stat1.namespace_count == 0);
    CHECK(stat1.total_entries == 0);
    CHECK(stat1.used_entries == 0);

    nvs_handle_t handle = 0;
    size_t h_count_entries;
    TEST_ESP_ERR(nvs_get_used_entry_count(handle, &h_count_entries), ESP_ERR_NVS_INVALID_HANDLE);
    CHECK(h_count_entries == 0);

    // init nvs
    TEST_ESP_OK(NVSPartitionManager::get_instance()->init_custom(&f.part, 0, 6));

    TEST_ESP_ERR(nvs_get_used_entry_count(handle, &h_count_entries), ESP_ERR_NVS_INVALID_HANDLE);
    CHECK(h_count_entries == 0);

    Page p;
    // after erase. empty partition
    TEST_ESP_OK(nvs_get_stats(NULL, &stat1));
    CHECK(stat1.free_entries != 0);
    CHECK(stat1.namespace_count == 0);
    CHECK(stat1.total_entries == 6 * p.ENTRY_COUNT);
    CHECK(stat1.used_entries == 0);

    // create namespace test_k1
    nvs_handle_t handle_1;
    TEST_ESP_OK(nvs_open("test_k1", NVS_READWRITE, &handle_1));
    TEST_ESP_OK(nvs_get_stats(NULL, &stat2));
    CHECK(stat2.free_entries + 1 == stat1.free_entries);
    CHECK(stat2.namespace_count == 1);
    CHECK(stat2.total_entries == stat1.total_entries);
    CHECK(stat2.used_entries == 1);

    // create pair key-value com
    TEST_ESP_OK(nvs_set_i32(handle_1, "com", 0x12345678));
    TEST_ESP_OK(nvs_get_stats(NULL, &stat1));
    CHECK(stat1.free_entries + 1 == stat2.free_entries);
    CHECK(stat1.namespace_count == 1);
    CHECK(stat1.total_entries == stat2.total_entries);
    CHECK(stat1.used_entries == 2);

    // change value in com
    TEST_ESP_OK(nvs_set_i32(handle_1, "com", 0x01234567));
    TEST_ESP_OK(nvs_get_stats(NULL, &stat2));
    CHECK(stat2.free_entries == stat1.free_entries);
    CHECK(stat2.namespace_count == 1);
    CHECK(stat2.total_entries != 0);
    CHECK(stat2.used_entries == 2);

    // create pair key-value ru
    TEST_ESP_OK(nvs_set_i32(handle_1, "ru", 0x00FF00FF));
    TEST_ESP_OK(nvs_get_stats(NULL, &stat1));
    CHECK(stat1.free_entries + 1 == stat2.free_entries);
    CHECK(stat1.namespace_count == 1);
    CHECK(stat1.total_entries != 0);
    CHECK(stat1.used_entries == 3);

    // amount valid pair in namespace 1
    size_t h1_count_entries;
    TEST_ESP_OK(nvs_get_used_entry_count(handle_1, &h1_count_entries));
    CHECK(h1_count_entries == 2);

    nvs_handle_t handle_2;
    // create namespace test_k2
    TEST_ESP_OK(nvs_open("test_k2", NVS_READWRITE, &handle_2));
    TEST_ESP_OK(nvs_get_stats(NULL, &stat2));
    CHECK(stat2.free_entries + 1 == stat1.free_entries);
    CHECK(stat2.namespace_count == 2);
    CHECK(stat2.total_entries == stat1.total_entries);
    CHECK(stat2.used_entries == 4);

    // create pair key-value
    TEST_ESP_OK(nvs_set_i32(handle_2, "su1", 0x00000001));
    TEST_ESP_OK(nvs_set_i32(handle_2, "su2", 0x00000002));
    TEST_ESP_OK(nvs_set_i32(handle_2, "sus", 0x00000003));
    TEST_ESP_OK(nvs_get_stats(NULL, &stat1));
    CHECK(stat1.free_entries + 3 == stat2.free_entries);
    CHECK(stat1.namespace_count == 2);
    CHECK(stat1.total_entries == stat2.total_entries);
    CHECK(stat1.used_entries == 7);

    CHECK(stat1.total_entries == (stat1.used_entries + stat1.free_entries));

    // amount valid pair in namespace 2
    size_t h2_count_entries;
    TEST_ESP_OK(nvs_get_used_entry_count(handle_2, &h2_count_entries));
    CHECK(h2_count_entries == 3);

    CHECK(stat1.used_entries == (h1_count_entries + h2_count_entries + stat1.namespace_count));

    nvs_close(handle_1);
    nvs_close(handle_2);

    size_t temp = h2_count_entries;
    TEST_ESP_ERR(nvs_get_used_entry_count(handle_1, &h2_count_entries), ESP_ERR_NVS_INVALID_HANDLE);
    CHECK(h2_count_entries == 0);
    h2_count_entries = temp;
    TEST_ESP_ERR(nvs_get_used_entry_count(handle_1, NULL), ESP_ERR_INVALID_ARG);

    nvs_handle_t handle_3;
    // create namespace test_k3
    TEST_ESP_OK(nvs_open("test_k3", NVS_READWRITE, &handle_3));
    TEST_ESP_OK(nvs_get_stats(NULL, &stat2));
    CHECK(stat2.free_entries + 1 == stat1.free_entries);
    CHECK(stat2.namespace_count == 3);
    CHECK(stat2.total_entries == stat1.total_entries);
    CHECK(stat2.used_entries == 8);

    // create pair blobs
    uint32_t blob[12];
    TEST_ESP_OK(nvs_set_blob(handle_3, "bl1", &blob, sizeof(blob)));
    TEST_ESP_OK(nvs_get_stats(NULL, &stat1));
    CHECK(stat1.free_entries + 4 == stat2.free_entries);
    CHECK(stat1.namespace_count == 3);
    CHECK(stat1.total_entries == stat2.total_entries);
    CHECK(stat1.used_entries == 12);

    // amount valid pair in namespace 2
    size_t h3_count_entries;
    TEST_ESP_OK(nvs_get_used_entry_count(handle_3, &h3_count_entries));
    CHECK(h3_count_entries == 4);

    CHECK(stat1.used_entries == (h1_count_entries + h2_count_entries + h3_count_entries + stat1.namespace_count));

    nvs_close(handle_3);

    TEST_ESP_OK(nvs_flash_deinit_partition(f.part.get_partition_name()));
}

// TODO: leaks memory
TEST_CASE("Recovery from power-off when the entry being erased is not on active page", "[nvs]")
{
    const size_t blob_size = Page::CHUNK_MAX_SIZE/2 ;
    size_t read_size = blob_size;
    uint8_t blob[blob_size] = {0x11};
    PartitionEmulationFixture f(0, 3);
    TEST_ESP_OK( NVSPartitionManager::get_instance()->init_custom(&f.part, 0, 3) );
    nvs_handle_t handle;
    TEST_ESP_OK( nvs_open("test", NVS_READWRITE, &handle) );

    f.emu.clearStats();
    f.emu.failAfter(Page::CHUNK_MAX_SIZE/4 + 75);
    TEST_ESP_OK( nvs_set_blob(handle, "1a", blob, blob_size) );
    TEST_ESP_OK( nvs_set_blob(handle, "1b", blob, blob_size) );

    TEST_ESP_ERR( nvs_erase_key(handle, "1a"), ESP_ERR_FLASH_OP_FAIL );

    TEST_ESP_OK( NVSPartitionManager::get_instance()->init_custom(&f.part, 0, 3) );

    /* Check 1a is erased fully*/
    TEST_ESP_ERR( nvs_get_blob(handle, "1a", blob, &read_size), ESP_ERR_NVS_NOT_FOUND);

    /* Check 2b is still accessible*/
    TEST_ESP_OK( nvs_get_blob(handle, "1b", blob, &read_size));

    nvs_close(handle);

    TEST_ESP_OK(nvs_flash_deinit_partition(f.part.get_partition_name()));
}

// TODO: leaks memory
TEST_CASE("Recovery from power-off when page is being freed.", "[nvs]")
{
    const size_t blob_size = (Page::ENTRY_COUNT-3) * Page::ENTRY_SIZE;
    size_t read_size = blob_size/2;
    uint8_t blob[blob_size] = {0};
    PartitionEmulationFixture f(0, 3);
    TEST_ESP_OK(NVSPartitionManager::get_instance()->init_custom(&f.part, 0, 3));
    nvs_handle_t handle;
    TEST_ESP_OK(nvs_open("test", NVS_READWRITE, &handle));
    // Fill first page
    TEST_ESP_OK(nvs_set_blob(handle, "1a", blob, blob_size/3));
    TEST_ESP_OK(nvs_set_blob(handle, "1b", blob, blob_size/3));
    TEST_ESP_OK(nvs_set_blob(handle, "1c", blob, blob_size/4));
    // Fill second page
    TEST_ESP_OK(nvs_set_blob(handle, "2a", blob, blob_size/2));
    TEST_ESP_OK(nvs_set_blob(handle, "2b", blob, blob_size/2));

    TEST_ESP_OK(nvs_erase_key(handle, "1c"));

    f.emu.clearStats();
    f.emu.failAfter(6 * Page::ENTRY_COUNT);
    TEST_ESP_ERR(nvs_set_blob(handle, "1d", blob, blob_size/4), ESP_ERR_FLASH_OP_FAIL);

    TEST_ESP_OK(NVSPartitionManager::get_instance()->init_custom(&f.part, 0, 3));

    read_size = blob_size/3;
    TEST_ESP_OK( nvs_get_blob(handle, "1a", blob, &read_size));
    TEST_ESP_OK( nvs_get_blob(handle, "1b", blob, &read_size));

    read_size = blob_size /4;
    TEST_ESP_ERR( nvs_get_blob(handle, "1c", blob, &read_size), ESP_ERR_NVS_NOT_FOUND);
    TEST_ESP_ERR( nvs_get_blob(handle, "1d", blob, &read_size), ESP_ERR_NVS_NOT_FOUND);

    read_size = blob_size /2;
    TEST_ESP_OK( nvs_get_blob(handle, "2a", blob, &read_size));
    TEST_ESP_OK( nvs_get_blob(handle, "2b", blob, &read_size));

    TEST_ESP_OK(nvs_commit(handle));
    nvs_close(handle);

    TEST_ESP_OK(nvs_flash_deinit_partition(f.part.get_partition_name()));
}

TEST_CASE("Multi-page blobs are supported", "[nvs]")
{
    const size_t blob_size = Page::CHUNK_MAX_SIZE *2;
    uint8_t blob[blob_size] = {0};
    PartitionEmulationFixture f(0, 5);
    TEST_ESP_OK(NVSPartitionManager::get_instance()->init_custom(&f.part, 0, 5));
    nvs_handle_t handle;
    TEST_ESP_OK(nvs_open("test", NVS_READWRITE, &handle));
    TEST_ESP_OK(nvs_set_blob(handle, "abc", blob, blob_size));
    TEST_ESP_OK(nvs_commit(handle));
    nvs_close(handle);

    TEST_ESP_OK(nvs_flash_deinit_partition(f.part.get_partition_name()));
}

TEST_CASE("Failures are handled while storing multi-page blobs", "[nvs]")
{
    const size_t blob_size = Page::CHUNK_MAX_SIZE *7;
    uint8_t blob[blob_size] = {0};
    PartitionEmulationFixture f(0, 5);
    TEST_ESP_OK(NVSPartitionManager::get_instance()->init_custom(&f.part, 0, 5));
    nvs_handle_t handle;
    TEST_ESP_OK(nvs_open("test", NVS_READWRITE, &handle));
    TEST_ESP_ERR(nvs_set_blob(handle, "abc", blob, blob_size), ESP_ERR_NVS_VALUE_TOO_LONG);
    TEST_ESP_OK(nvs_set_blob(handle, "abc", blob, Page::CHUNK_MAX_SIZE*2));
    TEST_ESP_OK(nvs_commit(handle));
    nvs_close(handle);

    TEST_ESP_OK(nvs_flash_deinit_partition(f.part.get_partition_name()));
}

TEST_CASE("Reading multi-page blobs", "[nvs]")
{
    const size_t blob_size = Page::CHUNK_MAX_SIZE *3;
    uint8_t blob[blob_size];
    uint8_t blob_read[blob_size];
    size_t read_size = blob_size;
    PartitionEmulationFixture f(0, 5);
    TEST_ESP_OK(NVSPartitionManager::get_instance()->init_custom(&f.part, 0, 5));
    nvs_handle_t handle;
    memset(blob, 0x11, blob_size);
    memset(blob_read, 0xee, blob_size);
    TEST_ESP_OK(nvs_open("readTest", NVS_READWRITE, &handle));
    TEST_ESP_OK(nvs_set_blob(handle, "abc", blob, blob_size));
    TEST_ESP_OK(nvs_get_blob(handle, "abc", blob_read, &read_size));
    CHECK(memcmp(blob, blob_read, blob_size) == 0);
    TEST_ESP_OK(nvs_commit(handle));
    nvs_close(handle);

    TEST_ESP_OK(nvs_flash_deinit_partition(f.part.get_partition_name()));
}

TEST_CASE("Modification of values for Multi-page blobs are supported", "[nvs]")
{
    const size_t blob_size = Page::CHUNK_MAX_SIZE *2;
    uint8_t blob[blob_size] = {0};
    uint8_t blob_read[blob_size] = {0xfe};;
    uint8_t blob2[blob_size] = {0x11};
    uint8_t blob3[blob_size] = {0x22};
    uint8_t blob4[blob_size] ={ 0x33};
    size_t read_size = blob_size;
    PartitionEmulationFixture f(0, 6);
    TEST_ESP_OK( NVSPartitionManager::get_instance()->init_custom(&f.part, 0, 6) );
    nvs_handle_t handle;
    memset(blob, 0x11, blob_size);
    memset(blob2, 0x22, blob_size);
    memset(blob3, 0x33, blob_size);
    memset(blob4, 0x44, blob_size);
    memset(blob_read, 0xff, blob_size);
    TEST_ESP_OK( nvs_open("test", NVS_READWRITE, &handle) );
    TEST_ESP_OK( nvs_set_blob(handle, "abc", blob, blob_size) );
    TEST_ESP_OK( nvs_set_blob(handle, "abc", blob2, blob_size) );
    TEST_ESP_OK( nvs_set_blob(handle, "abc", blob3, blob_size) );
    TEST_ESP_OK( nvs_set_blob(handle, "abc", blob4, blob_size) );
    TEST_ESP_OK( nvs_get_blob(handle, "abc", blob_read, &read_size));
    CHECK(memcmp(blob4, blob_read, blob_size) == 0);
    TEST_ESP_OK( nvs_commit(handle) );
    nvs_close(handle);

    TEST_ESP_OK(nvs_flash_deinit_partition(f.part.get_partition_name()));
}

TEST_CASE("Modification from single page blob to multi-page", "[nvs]")
{
    const size_t blob_size = Page::CHUNK_MAX_SIZE *3;
    uint8_t blob[blob_size] = {0};
    uint8_t blob_read[blob_size] = {0xff};
    size_t read_size = blob_size;
    PartitionEmulationFixture f(0, 5);
    TEST_ESP_OK( NVSPartitionManager::get_instance()->init_custom(&f.part, 0, 5) );
    nvs_handle_t handle;
    TEST_ESP_OK(nvs_open("Test", NVS_READWRITE, &handle) );
    TEST_ESP_OK(nvs_set_blob(handle, "abc", blob, Page::CHUNK_MAX_SIZE/2));
    TEST_ESP_OK(nvs_set_blob(handle, "abc", blob, blob_size));
    TEST_ESP_OK(nvs_get_blob(handle, "abc", blob_read, &read_size));
    CHECK(memcmp(blob, blob_read, blob_size) == 0);
    TEST_ESP_OK(nvs_commit(handle) );
    nvs_close(handle);

    TEST_ESP_OK(nvs_flash_deinit_partition(f.part.get_partition_name()));
}

TEST_CASE("Modification from  multi-page to single page", "[nvs]")
{
    const size_t blob_size = Page::CHUNK_MAX_SIZE *3;
    uint8_t blob[blob_size] = {0};
    uint8_t blob_read[blob_size] = {0xff};
    size_t read_size = blob_size;
    PartitionEmulationFixture f(0, 5);
    TEST_ESP_OK(NVSPartitionManager::get_instance()->init_custom(&f.part, 0, 5) );
    nvs_handle_t handle;
    TEST_ESP_OK(nvs_open("Test", NVS_READWRITE, &handle) );
    TEST_ESP_OK(nvs_set_blob(handle, "abc", blob, blob_size));
    TEST_ESP_OK(nvs_set_blob(handle, "abc", blob, Page::CHUNK_MAX_SIZE/2));
    TEST_ESP_OK(nvs_set_blob(handle, "abc2", blob, blob_size));
    TEST_ESP_OK(nvs_get_blob(handle, "abc", blob_read, &read_size));
    CHECK(memcmp(blob, blob_read, Page::CHUNK_MAX_SIZE) == 0);
    TEST_ESP_OK(nvs_commit(handle) );
    nvs_close(handle);

    TEST_ESP_OK(nvs_flash_deinit_partition(f.part.get_partition_name()));
}

TEST_CASE("Multi-page blob erased using nvs_erase_key should not be found when probed for just length", "[nvs]")
{
    const size_t blob_size = Page::CHUNK_MAX_SIZE *3;
    uint8_t blob[blob_size] = {0};
    size_t read_size = blob_size;
    PartitionEmulationFixture f(0, 5);
    TEST_ESP_OK(NVSPartitionManager::get_instance()->init_custom(&f.part, 0, 5));
    nvs_handle handle;
    TEST_ESP_OK(nvs_open("Test", NVS_READWRITE, &handle));
    TEST_ESP_OK(nvs_set_blob(handle, "abc", blob, blob_size));
    TEST_ESP_OK(nvs_erase_key(handle, "abc"));
    TEST_ESP_ERR(nvs_get_blob(handle, "abc", NULL, &read_size), ESP_ERR_NVS_NOT_FOUND);
    TEST_ESP_OK(nvs_commit(handle));
    nvs_close(handle);

    TEST_ESP_OK(nvs_flash_deinit_partition(f.part.get_partition_name()));
}


TEST_CASE("Check that orphaned blobs are erased during init", "[nvs]")
{
    const size_t blob_size = Page::CHUNK_MAX_SIZE *3 ;
    uint8_t blob[blob_size] = {0x11};
    uint8_t blob2[blob_size] = {0x22};
    uint8_t blob3[blob_size] = {0x33};
    PartitionEmulationFixture f(0, 5);
    Storage storage(&f.part);

    TEST_ESP_OK(storage.init(0, 5));

    TEST_ESP_OK(storage.writeItem(1, ItemType::BLOB, "key", blob, sizeof(blob)));


    TEST_ESP_OK(storage.init(0, 5));
    /* Check that multi-page item is still available.**/
    TEST_ESP_OK(storage.readItem(1, ItemType::BLOB, "key", blob, sizeof(blob)));

    TEST_ESP_ERR(storage.writeItem(1, ItemType::BLOB, "key2", blob, sizeof(blob)), ESP_ERR_NVS_NOT_ENOUGH_SPACE);

    Page p;
    p.load(&f.part, 3); // This is where index will be placed.
    p.erase();

    TEST_ESP_OK(storage.init(0, 5));

    TEST_ESP_ERR(storage.readItem(1, ItemType::BLOB, "key", blob, sizeof(blob)), ESP_ERR_NVS_NOT_FOUND);
    TEST_ESP_OK(storage.writeItem(1, ItemType::BLOB, "key3", blob, sizeof(blob)));
}

TEST_CASE("nvs blob fragmentation test", "[nvs]")
{
    PartitionEmulationFixture f(0, 4);
    TEST_ESP_OK(NVSPartitionManager::get_instance()->init_custom(&f.part, 0, 4) );
    const size_t BLOB_SIZE = 3500;
    uint8_t *blob = (uint8_t*) malloc(BLOB_SIZE);
    CHECK(blob != NULL);
    memset(blob, 0xEE, BLOB_SIZE);
    const uint32_t magic = 0xff33eaeb;
    nvs_handle_t h;
    TEST_ESP_OK( nvs_open("blob_tests", NVS_READWRITE, &h) );
    for (int i = 0; i < 128; i++) {
        INFO("Iteration " << i << "...\n");
        TEST_ESP_OK( nvs_set_u32(h, "magic", magic) );
        TEST_ESP_OK( nvs_set_blob(h, "blob", blob, BLOB_SIZE) );
        char seq_buf[16];
        sprintf(seq_buf, "seq%d", i);
        TEST_ESP_OK( nvs_set_u32(h, seq_buf, i) );
    }
    free(blob);

    TEST_ESP_OK(nvs_flash_deinit_partition(f.part.get_partition_name()));
}

TEST_CASE("nvs code handles errors properly when partition is near to full", "[nvs]")
{
    const size_t blob_size = Page::CHUNK_MAX_SIZE * 0.3 ;
    uint8_t blob[blob_size] = {0x11};
    PartitionEmulationFixture f(0, 5);
    Storage storage(&f.part);
    char nvs_key[16] = "";

    TEST_ESP_OK(storage.init(0, 5));

    /* Four pages should fit roughly 12 blobs*/
    for(uint8_t count = 1; count <= 12; count++) {
        sprintf(nvs_key, "key:%u", count);
        TEST_ESP_OK(storage.writeItem(1, ItemType::BLOB, nvs_key, blob, sizeof(blob)));
    }

    for(uint8_t count = 13; count <= 20; count++) {
        sprintf(nvs_key, "key:%u", count);
        TEST_ESP_ERR(storage.writeItem(1, ItemType::BLOB, nvs_key, blob, sizeof(blob)), ESP_ERR_NVS_NOT_ENOUGH_SPACE);
    }
}

TEST_CASE("Check for nvs version incompatibility", "[nvs]")
{
    PartitionEmulationFixture f(0, 3);

    int32_t val1 = 0x12345678;
    Page p;
    p.load(&f.part, 0);
    TEST_ESP_OK(p.setVersion(Page::NVS_VERSION - 1));
    TEST_ESP_OK(p.writeItem(1, ItemType::I32, "foo", &val1, sizeof(val1)));

    TEST_ESP_ERR(NVSPartitionManager::get_instance()->init_custom(&f.part, 0, 3),
            ESP_ERR_NVS_NEW_VERSION_FOUND);

    // if something went wrong, clean up
    nvs_flash_deinit_partition(f.part.get_partition_name());
}

TEST_CASE("Check that NVS supports old blob format without blob index", "[nvs]")
{
    SpiFlashEmulator emu("../nvs_partition_generator/part_old_blob_format.bin");
    PartitionEmulation part(&emu, 0, 2 * SPI_FLASH_SEC_SIZE, "test");
    nvs_handle_t handle;

    TEST_ESP_OK( NVSPartitionManager::get_instance()->init_custom(&part, 0, 2) );
    TEST_ESP_OK( nvs_open_from_partition("test", "dummyNamespace", NVS_READWRITE, &handle));

    char buf[64] = {0};
    size_t buflen = 64;
    uint8_t hexdata[] = {0x01, 0x02, 0x03, 0xab, 0xcd, 0xef};
    TEST_ESP_OK( nvs_get_blob(handle, "dummyHex2BinKey", buf, &buflen));
    CHECK(memcmp(buf, hexdata, buflen) == 0);

    buflen = 64;
    uint8_t base64data[] = {'1', '2', '3', 'a', 'b', 'c'};
    TEST_ESP_OK( nvs_get_blob(handle, "dummyBase64Key", buf, &buflen));
    CHECK(memcmp(buf, base64data, buflen) == 0);

    Page p;
    p.load(&part, 0);

    /* Check that item is stored in old format without blob index*/
    TEST_ESP_OK(p.findItem(1, ItemType::BLOB, "dummyHex2BinKey"));

    /* Modify the blob so that it is stored in the new format*/
    hexdata[0] = hexdata[1] = hexdata[2] = 0x99;
    TEST_ESP_OK(nvs_set_blob(handle, "dummyHex2BinKey", hexdata, sizeof(hexdata)));

    Page p2;
    p2.load(&part, 0);

    /* Check the type of the blob. Expect type mismatch since the blob is stored in new format*/
    TEST_ESP_ERR(p2.findItem(1, ItemType::BLOB, "dummyHex2BinKey"), ESP_ERR_NVS_TYPE_MISMATCH);

    /* Check that index is present for the modified blob according to new format*/
    TEST_ESP_OK(p2.findItem(1, ItemType::BLOB_IDX, "dummyHex2BinKey"));

    /* Read the blob in new format and check the contents*/
    buflen = 64;
    TEST_ESP_OK( nvs_get_blob(handle, "dummyBase64Key", buf, &buflen));
    CHECK(memcmp(buf, base64data, buflen) == 0);

    TEST_ESP_OK(nvs_flash_deinit_partition(part.get_partition_name()));
}

// TODO: leaks memory
TEST_CASE("monkey test with old-format blob present", "[nvs][monkey]")
{
    std::random_device rd;
    std::mt19937 gen(rd());
    uint32_t seed = 3;
    gen.seed(seed);

    PartitionEmulationFixture f(0, 10);
    f.emu.randomize(seed);
    f.emu.clearStats();

    const uint32_t NVS_FLASH_SECTOR = 2;
    const uint32_t NVS_FLASH_SECTOR_COUNT_MIN = 8;
    static const size_t smallBlobLen = Page::CHUNK_MAX_SIZE / 3;

    f.emu.setBounds(NVS_FLASH_SECTOR, NVS_FLASH_SECTOR + NVS_FLASH_SECTOR_COUNT_MIN);

    TEST_ESP_OK(NVSPartitionManager::get_instance()->init_custom(&f.part,
            NVS_FLASH_SECTOR,
            NVS_FLASH_SECTOR_COUNT_MIN));

    nvs_handle_t handle;
    TEST_ESP_OK(nvs_open("namespace1", NVS_READWRITE, &handle));
    RandomTest test;

    for ( uint8_t it = 0; it < 10; it++) {
        size_t count = 200;

        /* Erase index and chunks for the blob with "singlepage" key */
        for (uint8_t num = NVS_FLASH_SECTOR; num < NVS_FLASH_SECTOR + NVS_FLASH_SECTOR_COUNT_MIN; num++) {
            Page p;
            p.load(&f.part, num);
            p.eraseItem(1, ItemType::BLOB, "singlepage", Item::CHUNK_ANY, VerOffset::VER_ANY);
            p.eraseItem(1, ItemType::BLOB_IDX, "singlepage", Item::CHUNK_ANY, VerOffset::VER_ANY);
            p.eraseItem(1, ItemType::BLOB_DATA, "singlepage", Item::CHUNK_ANY, VerOffset::VER_ANY);
        }

        /* Now write "singlepage" blob in old format*/
        for (uint8_t num = NVS_FLASH_SECTOR; num < NVS_FLASH_SECTOR + NVS_FLASH_SECTOR_COUNT_MIN; num++) {
            Page p;
            p.load(&f.part, num);
            if (p.state() == Page::PageState::ACTIVE) {
                uint8_t buf[smallBlobLen];
                size_t blobLen = gen() % smallBlobLen;

                if(blobLen > p.getVarDataTailroom()) {
                    blobLen = p.getVarDataTailroom();
                }

                std::generate_n(buf, blobLen, [&]() -> uint8_t {
                        return static_cast<uint8_t>(gen() % 256);
                        });

                TEST_ESP_OK(p.writeItem(1, ItemType::BLOB, "singlepage", buf, blobLen, Item::CHUNK_ANY));
                TEST_ESP_OK(p.findItem(1, ItemType::BLOB, "singlepage"));
                test.handleExternalWriteAtIndex(9, buf, blobLen); // This assumes "singlepage" is always at index 9

                break;
            }
        }

        TEST_ESP_OK(nvs_flash_deinit_partition(f.part.get_partition_name()));
        /* Initialize again */
        TEST_ESP_OK(NVSPartitionManager::get_instance()->init_custom(&f.part,
                NVS_FLASH_SECTOR,
                NVS_FLASH_SECTOR_COUNT_MIN));
        TEST_ESP_OK(nvs_open("namespace1", NVS_READWRITE, &handle));

        /* Perform random things */
        auto res = test.doRandomThings(handle, gen, count);
        if (res != ESP_OK) {
            nvs_dump(NVS_DEFAULT_PART_NAME);
            CHECK(0);
        }

        /* Check that only one version is present for "singlepage". Its possible that last iteration did not write
         * anything for "singlepage". So either old version or new version should be present.*/
        bool oldVerPresent = false, newVerPresent = false;

        for (uint8_t num = NVS_FLASH_SECTOR; num < NVS_FLASH_SECTOR + NVS_FLASH_SECTOR_COUNT_MIN; num++) {
            Page p;
            p.load(&f.part, num);
            if(!oldVerPresent && p.findItem(1, ItemType::BLOB, "singlepage", Item::CHUNK_ANY, VerOffset::VER_ANY) == ESP_OK) {
                oldVerPresent = true;
            }

            if(!newVerPresent && p.findItem(1, ItemType::BLOB_IDX, "singlepage", Item::CHUNK_ANY, VerOffset::VER_ANY) == ESP_OK) {
                newVerPresent = true;
            }
        }
        CHECK(oldVerPresent != newVerPresent);
    }


    TEST_ESP_OK(nvs_flash_deinit_partition(f.part.get_partition_name()));
    s_perf << "Monkey test: nErase=" << f.emu.getEraseOps() << " nWrite=" << f.emu.getWriteOps() << std::endl;
}

TEST_CASE("Recovery from power-off during modification of blob present in old-format (same page)", "[nvs]")
{
    std::random_device rd;
    std::mt19937 gen(rd());
    uint32_t seed = 3;
    gen.seed(seed);

    PartitionEmulationFixture f(0, 3);
    f.emu.clearStats();

    TEST_ESP_OK(NVSPartitionManager::get_instance()->init_custom(&f.part, 0, 3));

    nvs_handle_t handle;
    TEST_ESP_OK(nvs_open("namespace1", NVS_READWRITE, &handle));

    uint8_t hexdata[] = {0x01, 0x02, 0x03, 0xab, 0xcd, 0xef};
    uint8_t hexdata_old[] = {0x11, 0x12, 0x13, 0xbb, 0xcc, 0xee};
    size_t buflen = sizeof(hexdata);
    uint8_t buf[Page::CHUNK_MAX_SIZE];

    /* Power-off when blob was being written on the same page where its old version in old format
     * was present*/
    Page p;
    p.load(&f.part, 0);
    /* Write blob in old-format*/
    TEST_ESP_OK(p.writeItem(1, ItemType::BLOB, "singlepage", hexdata_old, sizeof(hexdata_old)));

    /* Write blob in new format*/
    TEST_ESP_OK(p.writeItem(1, ItemType::BLOB_DATA, "singlepage", hexdata, sizeof(hexdata), 0));
    /* All pages are stored. Now store the index.*/
    Item item;
    item.blobIndex.dataSize = sizeof(hexdata);
    item.blobIndex.chunkCount = 1;
    item.blobIndex.chunkStart = VerOffset::VER_0_OFFSET;

    TEST_ESP_OK(p.writeItem(1, ItemType::BLOB_IDX, "singlepage", item.data, sizeof(item.data)));

    TEST_ESP_OK(p.findItem(1, ItemType::BLOB, "singlepage"));

    TEST_ESP_OK(nvs_flash_deinit_partition(f.part.get_partition_name()));
    /* Initialize again */
    TEST_ESP_OK(NVSPartitionManager::get_instance()->init_custom(&f.part, 0, 3));
    TEST_ESP_OK(nvs_open("namespace1", NVS_READWRITE, &handle));

    TEST_ESP_OK( nvs_get_blob(handle, "singlepage", buf, &buflen));
    CHECK(memcmp(buf, hexdata, buflen) == 0);

    Page p2;
    p2.load(&f.part, 0);
    TEST_ESP_ERR(p2.findItem(1, ItemType::BLOB, "singlepage"), ESP_ERR_NVS_TYPE_MISMATCH);

    TEST_ESP_OK(nvs_flash_deinit_partition(f.part.get_partition_name()));
}

TEST_CASE("Recovery from power-off during modification of blob present in old-format (different page)", "[nvs]")
{
    std::random_device rd;
    std::mt19937 gen(rd());
    uint32_t seed = 3;
    gen.seed(seed);

    PartitionEmulationFixture f(0, 3);
    f.emu.clearStats();

    TEST_ESP_OK(NVSPartitionManager::get_instance()->init_custom(&f.part, 0, 3));

    nvs_handle_t handle;
    TEST_ESP_OK(nvs_open("namespace1", NVS_READWRITE, &handle));

    uint8_t hexdata[] = {0x01, 0x02, 0x03, 0xab, 0xcd, 0xef};
    uint8_t hexdata_old[] = {0x11, 0x12, 0x13, 0xbb, 0xcc, 0xee};
    size_t buflen = sizeof(hexdata);
    uint8_t buf[Page::CHUNK_MAX_SIZE];


    /* Power-off when blob was being written on the different page where its old version in old format
     * was present*/
    Page p;
    p.load(&f.part, 0);
    /* Write blob in old-format*/
    TEST_ESP_OK(p.writeItem(1, ItemType::BLOB, "singlepage", hexdata_old, sizeof(hexdata_old)));

    /* Write blob in new format*/
    TEST_ESP_OK(p.writeItem(1, ItemType::BLOB_DATA, "singlepage", hexdata, sizeof(hexdata), 0));
    /* All pages are stored. Now store the index.*/
    Item item;
    item.blobIndex.dataSize = sizeof(hexdata);
    item.blobIndex.chunkCount = 1;
    item.blobIndex.chunkStart = VerOffset::VER_0_OFFSET;
    p.markFull();
    Page p2;
    p2.load(&f.part, 1);
    p2.setSeqNumber(1);

    TEST_ESP_OK(p2.writeItem(1, ItemType::BLOB_IDX, "singlepage", item.data, sizeof(item.data)));

    TEST_ESP_OK(p.findItem(1, ItemType::BLOB, "singlepage"));

    TEST_ESP_OK(nvs_flash_deinit_partition(f.part.get_partition_name()));
    /* Initialize again */
    TEST_ESP_OK(NVSPartitionManager::get_instance()->init_custom(&f.part, 0, 3));
    TEST_ESP_OK(nvs_open("namespace1", NVS_READWRITE, &handle));

    TEST_ESP_OK( nvs_get_blob(handle, "singlepage", buf, &buflen));
    CHECK(memcmp(buf, hexdata, buflen) == 0);

    Page p3;
    p3.load(&f.part, 0);
    TEST_ESP_ERR(p3.findItem(1, ItemType::BLOB, "singlepage"), ESP_ERR_NVS_NOT_FOUND);

    TEST_ESP_OK(nvs_flash_deinit_partition(f.part.get_partition_name()));
}

static void check_nvs_part_gen_args(SpiFlashEmulator *spi_flash_emulator,
        char const *part_name,
        int size,
        char const *filename,
        bool is_encr,
        nvs_sec_cfg_t* xts_cfg)
{
    nvs_handle_t handle;

    esp_partition_t esp_part;
    esp_part.encrypted = false; // we're not testing generic flash encryption here, only the legacy NVS encryption
    esp_part.address = 0;
    esp_part.size = size * SPI_FLASH_SEC_SIZE;
    strncpy(esp_part.label, part_name, PART_NAME_MAX_SIZE);
    shared_ptr<Partition> part;

    if (is_encr) {
        NVSEncryptedPartition *enc_part = new NVSEncryptedPartition(&esp_part);
        TEST_ESP_OK(enc_part->init(xts_cfg));
        part.reset(enc_part);
    } else {
        part.reset(new PartitionEmulation(spi_flash_emulator, 0, size, part_name));
    }

    TEST_ESP_OK( NVSPartitionManager::get_instance()->init_custom(part.get(), 0, size) );

    TEST_ESP_OK( nvs_open_from_partition(part_name, "dummyNamespace", NVS_READONLY, &handle));
    uint8_t u8v;
    TEST_ESP_OK( nvs_get_u8(handle, "dummyU8Key", &u8v));
    CHECK(u8v == 127);
    int8_t i8v;
    TEST_ESP_OK( nvs_get_i8(handle, "dummyI8Key", &i8v));
    CHECK(i8v == -128);
    uint16_t u16v;
    TEST_ESP_OK( nvs_get_u16(handle, "dummyU16Key", &u16v));
    CHECK(u16v == 32768);
    uint32_t u32v;
    TEST_ESP_OK( nvs_get_u32(handle, "dummyU32Key", &u32v));
    CHECK(u32v == 4294967295);
    int32_t i32v;
    TEST_ESP_OK( nvs_get_i32(handle, "dummyI32Key", &i32v));
    CHECK(i32v == -2147483648);

    char string_buf[256];
    const char test_str[] = "Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit.\n"
                             "Fusce quis risus justo.\n"
                             "Suspendisse egestas in nisi sit amet auctor.\n"
                             "Pellentesque rhoncus dictum sodales.\n"
                             "In justo erat, viverra at interdum eget, interdum vel dui.";
    size_t str_len = sizeof(test_str);
    TEST_ESP_OK( nvs_get_str(handle, "dummyStringKey", string_buf, &str_len));
    CHECK(strncmp(string_buf, test_str, str_len) == 0);

    char buf[64] = {0};
    uint8_t hexdata[] = {0x01, 0x02, 0x03, 0xab, 0xcd, 0xef};
    size_t buflen = 64;
    int j;
    TEST_ESP_OK( nvs_get_blob(handle, "dummyHex2BinKey", buf, &buflen));
    CHECK(memcmp(buf, hexdata, buflen) == 0);

    uint8_t base64data[] = {'1', '2', '3', 'a', 'b', 'c'};
    TEST_ESP_OK( nvs_get_blob(handle, "dummyBase64Key", buf, &buflen));
    CHECK(memcmp(buf, base64data, buflen) == 0);

    buflen = 64;
    uint8_t hexfiledata[] = {0x01, 0x23, 0x45, 0x67, 0x89, 0xab, 0xcd, 0xef};
    TEST_ESP_OK( nvs_get_blob(handle, "hexFileKey", buf, &buflen));
    CHECK(memcmp(buf, hexfiledata, buflen) == 0);

    buflen = 64;
    uint8_t strfiledata[64] = "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz\0";
    TEST_ESP_OK( nvs_get_str(handle, "stringFileKey", buf, &buflen));
    CHECK(memcmp(buf, strfiledata, buflen) == 0);

    char bin_data[5200];
    size_t bin_len = sizeof(bin_data);
    char binfiledata[5200];
    ifstream file;
    file.open(filename);
    file.read(binfiledata,5200);
    TEST_ESP_OK( nvs_get_blob(handle, "binFileKey", bin_data, &bin_len));
    CHECK(memcmp(bin_data, binfiledata, bin_len) == 0);

    file.close();

    nvs_close(handle);

    TEST_ESP_OK(nvs_flash_deinit_partition(part_name));
}

static void check_nvs_part_gen_args_mfg(SpiFlashEmulator *spi_flash_emulator,
        char const *part_name,
        int size,
        char const *filename,
        bool is_encr,
        nvs_sec_cfg_t* xts_cfg)
{
    nvs_handle_t handle;

    esp_partition_t esp_part;
    esp_part.encrypted = false; // we're not testing generic flash encryption here, only the legacy NVS encryption
    esp_part.address = 0;
    esp_part.size = size * SPI_FLASH_SEC_SIZE;
    strncpy(esp_part.label, part_name, PART_NAME_MAX_SIZE);
    shared_ptr<Partition> part;

    if (is_encr) {
        NVSEncryptedPartition *enc_part = new NVSEncryptedPartition(&esp_part);
        TEST_ESP_OK(enc_part->init(xts_cfg));
        part.reset(enc_part);
    } else {
        part.reset(new PartitionEmulation(spi_flash_emulator, 0, size, part_name));
    }

    TEST_ESP_OK( NVSPartitionManager::get_instance()->init_custom(part.get(), 0, size) );

    TEST_ESP_OK( nvs_open_from_partition(part_name, "dummyNamespace", NVS_READONLY, &handle));
    uint8_t u8v;
    TEST_ESP_OK( nvs_get_u8(handle, "dummyU8Key", &u8v));
    CHECK(u8v == 127);
    int8_t i8v;
    TEST_ESP_OK( nvs_get_i8(handle, "dummyI8Key", &i8v));
    CHECK(i8v == -128);
    uint16_t u16v;
    TEST_ESP_OK( nvs_get_u16(handle, "dummyU16Key", &u16v));
    CHECK(u16v == 32768);
    uint32_t u32v;
    TEST_ESP_OK( nvs_get_u32(handle, "dummyU32Key", &u32v));
    CHECK(u32v == 4294967295);
    int32_t i32v;
    TEST_ESP_OK( nvs_get_i32(handle, "dummyI32Key", &i32v));
    CHECK(i32v == -2147483648);

    char buf[64] = {0};
    size_t buflen = 64;
    TEST_ESP_OK( nvs_get_str(handle, "dummyStringKey", buf, &buflen));
    CHECK(strncmp(buf, "0A:0B:0C:0D:0E:0F", buflen) == 0);

    uint8_t hexdata[] = {0x01, 0x02, 0x03, 0xab, 0xcd, 0xef};
    buflen = 64;
    int j;
    TEST_ESP_OK( nvs_get_blob(handle, "dummyHex2BinKey", buf, &buflen));
    CHECK(memcmp(buf, hexdata, buflen) == 0);

    uint8_t base64data[] = {'1', '2', '3', 'a', 'b', 'c'};
    TEST_ESP_OK( nvs_get_blob(handle, "dummyBase64Key", buf, &buflen));
    CHECK(memcmp(buf, base64data, buflen) == 0);

    buflen = 64;
    uint8_t hexfiledata[] = {0x01, 0x23, 0x45, 0x67, 0x89, 0xab, 0xcd, 0xef};
    TEST_ESP_OK( nvs_get_blob(handle, "hexFileKey", buf, &buflen));
    CHECK(memcmp(buf, hexfiledata, buflen) == 0);

    buflen = 64;
    uint8_t strfiledata[64] = "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz\0";
    TEST_ESP_OK( nvs_get_str(handle, "stringFileKey", buf, &buflen));
    CHECK(memcmp(buf, strfiledata, buflen) == 0);

    char bin_data[5200];
    size_t bin_len = sizeof(bin_data);
    char binfiledata[5200];
    ifstream file;
    file.open(filename);
    file.read(binfiledata,5200);
    TEST_ESP_OK( nvs_get_blob(handle, "binFileKey", bin_data, &bin_len));
    CHECK(memcmp(bin_data, binfiledata, bin_len) == 0);

    file.close();

    nvs_close(handle);

    TEST_ESP_OK(nvs_flash_deinit_partition(part_name));
}

TEST_CASE("check and read data from partition generated via partition generation utility with multipage blob support disabled", "[nvs_part_gen]")
{
    int status;
    int childpid = fork();
    if (childpid == 0) {
        exit(execlp("cp", " cp",
                    "-rf",
                    "../nvs_partition_generator/testdata",
                    ".",NULL));
    } else {
        CHECK(childpid > 0);
        waitpid(childpid, &status, 0);
        CHECK(WEXITSTATUS(status) != -1);

        childpid = fork();

        if (childpid == 0) {
            exit(execlp("python", "python",
                    "../nvs_partition_generator/nvs_partition_gen.py",
                    "generate",
                    "../nvs_partition_generator/sample_singlepage_blob.csv",
                    "partition_single_page.bin",
                    "0x3000",
                    "--version",
                    "1",
                    "--outdir",
                    "../nvs_partition_generator",NULL));
        } else {
            CHECK(childpid > 0);
            int status;
            waitpid(childpid, &status, 0);
            CHECK(WEXITSTATUS(status) == 0);
        }
    }

    SpiFlashEmulator emu("../nvs_partition_generator/partition_single_page.bin");

    check_nvs_part_gen_args(&emu, "test", 3, "../nvs_partition_generator/testdata/sample_singlepage_blob.bin", false, NULL);

    childpid = fork();
    if (childpid == 0) {
        exit(execlp("rm", " rm",
                    "-rf",
                    "testdata",NULL));
    } else {
        CHECK(childpid > 0);
        waitpid(childpid, &status, 0);
        CHECK(WEXITSTATUS(status) == 0);

    }
}

TEST_CASE("check and read data from partition generated via partition generation utility with multipage blob support enabled", "[nvs_part_gen]")
{
    int status;
    int childpid = fork();
    if (childpid == 0) {
        exit(execlp("cp", " cp",
                    "-rf",
                    "../nvs_partition_generator/testdata",
                    ".",NULL));
    } else {
        CHECK(childpid > 0);
        waitpid(childpid, &status, 0);
        CHECK(WEXITSTATUS(status) == 0);

        childpid = fork();

        if (childpid == 0) {
            exit(execlp("python", "python",
                    "../nvs_partition_generator/nvs_partition_gen.py",
                    "generate",
                    "../nvs_partition_generator/sample_multipage_blob.csv",
                    "partition_multipage_blob.bin",
                    "0x4000",
                    "--version",
                    "2",
                    "--outdir",
                    "../nvs_partition_generator",NULL));
        } else {
            CHECK(childpid > 0);
            waitpid(childpid, &status, 0);
            CHECK(WEXITSTATUS(status) == 0);
        }
    }

    SpiFlashEmulator emu("../nvs_partition_generator/partition_multipage_blob.bin");

    check_nvs_part_gen_args(&emu, "test", 4, "../nvs_partition_generator/testdata/sample_multipage_blob.bin",false,NULL);

    childpid = fork();
    if (childpid == 0) {
        exit(execlp("rm", " rm",
                    "-rf",
                    "testdata",NULL));
    } else {
        CHECK(childpid > 0);
        waitpid(childpid, &status, 0);
        CHECK(WEXITSTATUS(status) == 0);

    }
}

TEST_CASE("check and read data from partition generated via manufacturing utility with multipage blob support disabled", "[mfg_gen]")
{
    int childpid = fork();
    int status;

    if (childpid == 0) {
        exit(execlp("bash", "bash",
                    "-c",
                    "rm -rf ../../../tools/mass_mfg/host_test && \
                    cp -rf ../../../tools/mass_mfg/testdata mfg_testdata && \
                    cp -rf ../nvs_partition_generator/testdata . && \
                    mkdir -p ../../../tools/mass_mfg/host_test", NULL));
    } else {
        CHECK(childpid > 0);
        waitpid(childpid, &status, 0);
        CHECK(WEXITSTATUS(status) == 0);

        childpid = fork();
        if (childpid == 0) {
            exit(execlp("python", "python",
                        "../../../tools/mass_mfg/mfg_gen.py",
                        "generate",
                        "../../../tools/mass_mfg/samples/sample_config.csv",
                        "../../../tools/mass_mfg/samples/sample_values_singlepage_blob.csv",
                        "Test",
                        "0x3000",
                        "--outdir",
                        "../../../tools/mass_mfg/host_test",
                        "--version",
                        "1",NULL));

        } else {
            CHECK(childpid > 0);
            waitpid(childpid, &status, 0);
            CHECK(WEXITSTATUS(status) == 0);

            childpid = fork();
            if (childpid == 0) {
                exit(execlp("python", "python",
                            "../nvs_partition_generator/nvs_partition_gen.py",
                            "generate",
                            "../../../tools/mass_mfg/host_test/csv/Test-1.csv",
                            "../nvs_partition_generator/Test-1-partition.bin",
                            "0x3000",
                            "--version",
                            "1",NULL));

            } else {
                CHECK(childpid > 0);
                waitpid(childpid, &status, 0);
                CHECK(WEXITSTATUS(status) == 0);

            }

        }

    }

    SpiFlashEmulator emu1("../../../tools/mass_mfg/host_test/bin/Test-1.bin");
    check_nvs_part_gen_args_mfg(&emu1, "test", 3, "mfg_testdata/sample_singlepage_blob.bin", false, NULL);

    SpiFlashEmulator emu2("../nvs_partition_generator/Test-1-partition.bin");
    check_nvs_part_gen_args_mfg(&emu2, "test", 3, "testdata/sample_singlepage_blob.bin", false, NULL);


    childpid = fork();
    if (childpid == 0) {
        exit(execlp("bash", " bash",
                    "-c",
                    "rm -rf ../../../tools/mass_mfg/host_test | \
                    rm -rf mfg_testdata | \
                    rm -rf testdata",NULL));
    } else {
        CHECK(childpid > 0);
        waitpid(childpid, &status, 0);
        CHECK(WEXITSTATUS(status) == 0);

    }

}

TEST_CASE("check and read data from partition generated via manufacturing utility with multipage blob support enabled", "[mfg_gen]")
{
    int childpid = fork();
    int status;

    if (childpid == 0) {
        exit(execlp("bash", " bash",
                    "-c",
                    "rm -rf ../../../tools/mass_mfg/host_test | \
                    cp -rf ../../../tools/mass_mfg/testdata mfg_testdata | \
                    cp -rf ../nvs_partition_generator/testdata . | \
                    mkdir -p ../../../tools/mass_mfg/host_test",NULL));
    } else {
        CHECK(childpid > 0);
        waitpid(childpid, &status, 0);
        CHECK(WEXITSTATUS(status) == 0);

        childpid = fork();
        if (childpid == 0) {
            exit(execlp("python", "python",
                        "../../../tools/mass_mfg/mfg_gen.py",
                        "generate",
                        "../../../tools/mass_mfg/samples/sample_config.csv",
                        "../../../tools/mass_mfg/samples/sample_values_multipage_blob.csv",
                        "Test",
                        "0x4000",
                        "--outdir",
                        "../../../tools/mass_mfg/host_test",
                        "--version",
                        "2",NULL));

        } else {
            CHECK(childpid > 0);
            waitpid(childpid, &status, 0);
            CHECK(WEXITSTATUS(status) == 0);

            childpid = fork();
            if (childpid == 0) {
                exit(execlp("python", "python",
                            "../nvs_partition_generator/nvs_partition_gen.py",
                            "generate",
                            "../../../tools/mass_mfg/host_test/csv/Test-1.csv",
                            "../nvs_partition_generator/Test-1-partition.bin",
                            "0x4000",
                            "--version",
                            "2",NULL));

            } else {
                CHECK(childpid > 0);
                waitpid(childpid, &status, 0);
                CHECK(WEXITSTATUS(status) == 0);

            }

        }

    }

    SpiFlashEmulator emu1("../../../tools/mass_mfg/host_test/bin/Test-1.bin");
    check_nvs_part_gen_args_mfg(&emu1, "test", 4, "mfg_testdata/sample_multipage_blob.bin", false, NULL);

    SpiFlashEmulator emu2("../nvs_partition_generator/Test-1-partition.bin");
    check_nvs_part_gen_args_mfg(&emu2, "test", 4, "testdata/sample_multipage_blob.bin", false, NULL);

    childpid = fork();
    if (childpid == 0) {
        exit(execlp("bash", " bash",
                    "-c",
                    "rm -rf ../../../tools/mass_mfg/host_test | \
                    rm -rf mfg_testdata | \
                    rm -rf testdata",NULL));
    } else {
        CHECK(childpid > 0);
        waitpid(childpid, &status, 0);
        CHECK(WEXITSTATUS(status) == 0);

    }

}

#if CONFIG_NVS_ENCRYPTION
TEST_CASE("check underlying xts code for 32-byte size sector encryption", "[nvs]")
{
    auto toHex = [](char ch) {
        if(ch >= '0' && ch <= '9')
            return ch - '0';
        else if(ch >= 'a' && ch <= 'f')
            return ch - 'a' + 10;
        else if(ch >= 'A' && ch <= 'F')
            return ch - 'A' + 10;
        else
            return 0;
    };

    auto toHexByte = [toHex](char* c) {
        return 16 * toHex(c[0]) + toHex(c[1]);
    };

    auto toHexStream = [toHexByte](char* src, uint8_t* dest) {
        uint32_t cnt =0;
        char* p = src;
        while(*p != '\0' && *(p + 1) != '\0')
        {
            dest[cnt++] = toHexByte(p); p += 2;
        }
    };

    uint8_t eky_hex[2 * NVS_KEY_SIZE];
    uint8_t ptxt_hex[Page::ENTRY_SIZE], ctxt_hex[Page::ENTRY_SIZE], ba_hex[16];
    mbedtls_aes_xts_context ectx[1];
    mbedtls_aes_xts_context dctx[1];

    char eky[][2 * NVS_KEY_SIZE + 1] = {
        "0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000",
        "1111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111"
    };
    char tky[][2 * NVS_KEY_SIZE + 1] = {
        "0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000",
        "2222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222"
    };
    char blk_addr[][2*16 + 1]  = {
        "00000000000000000000000000000000",
        "33333333330000000000000000000000"
    };

    char ptxt[][2 * Page::ENTRY_SIZE + 1] = {
        "0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000",
        "4444444444444444444444444444444444444444444444444444444444444444"
    };
    char ctxt[][2 * Page::ENTRY_SIZE + 1] = {
        "d456b4fc2e620bba6ffbed27b956c9543454dd49ebd8d8ee6f94b65cbe158f73",
        "e622334f184bbce129a25b2ac76b3d92abf98e22df5bdd15af471f3db8946a85"
    };

    mbedtls_aes_xts_init(ectx);
    mbedtls_aes_xts_init(dctx);

    for(uint8_t cnt = 0; cnt < sizeof(eky)/sizeof(eky[0]); cnt++) {
        toHexStream(eky[cnt], eky_hex);
        toHexStream(tky[cnt], &eky_hex[NVS_KEY_SIZE]);
        toHexStream(ptxt[cnt], ptxt_hex);
        toHexStream(ctxt[cnt], ctxt_hex);
        toHexStream(blk_addr[cnt], ba_hex);

        CHECK(!mbedtls_aes_xts_setkey_enc(ectx, eky_hex, 2 * NVS_KEY_SIZE * 8));
        CHECK(!mbedtls_aes_xts_setkey_enc(dctx, eky_hex, 2 * NVS_KEY_SIZE * 8));

        CHECK(!mbedtls_aes_crypt_xts(ectx, MBEDTLS_AES_ENCRYPT, Page::ENTRY_SIZE, ba_hex, ptxt_hex, ptxt_hex));

        CHECK(!memcmp(ptxt_hex, ctxt_hex, Page::ENTRY_SIZE));
    }
}

TEST_CASE("test nvs apis with encryption enabled", "[nvs]")
{
    nvs_handle_t handle_1;
    const uint32_t NVS_FLASH_SECTOR = 6;
    const uint32_t NVS_FLASH_SECTOR_COUNT_MIN = 3;

    nvs_sec_cfg_t xts_cfg;
    for(int count = 0; count < NVS_KEY_SIZE; count++) {
        xts_cfg.eky[count] = 0x11;
        xts_cfg.tky[count] = 0x22;
    }
    EncryptedPartitionFixture fixture(&xts_cfg, NVS_FLASH_SECTOR, NVS_FLASH_SECTOR_COUNT_MIN);
    fixture.emu.randomize(100);
    fixture.emu.setBounds(NVS_FLASH_SECTOR, NVS_FLASH_SECTOR + NVS_FLASH_SECTOR_COUNT_MIN);

    for (uint16_t i = NVS_FLASH_SECTOR; i <NVS_FLASH_SECTOR + NVS_FLASH_SECTOR_COUNT_MIN; ++i) {
        fixture.emu.erase(i);
    }
    TEST_ESP_OK(NVSPartitionManager::get_instance()->
            init_custom(&fixture.part, NVS_FLASH_SECTOR, NVS_FLASH_SECTOR_COUNT_MIN));

    TEST_ESP_ERR(nvs_open("namespace1", NVS_READONLY, &handle_1), ESP_ERR_NVS_NOT_FOUND);

    TEST_ESP_OK(nvs_open("namespace1", NVS_READWRITE, &handle_1));
    TEST_ESP_OK(nvs_set_i32(handle_1, "foo", 0x12345678));
    TEST_ESP_OK(nvs_set_i32(handle_1, "foo", 0x23456789));

    nvs_handle_t handle_2;
    TEST_ESP_OK(nvs_open("namespace2", NVS_READWRITE, &handle_2));
    TEST_ESP_OK(nvs_set_i32(handle_2, "foo", 0x3456789a));
    const char* str = "value 0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef";
    TEST_ESP_OK(nvs_set_str(handle_2, "key", str));

    int32_t v1;
    TEST_ESP_OK(nvs_get_i32(handle_1, "foo", &v1));
    CHECK(0x23456789 == v1);

    int32_t v2;
    TEST_ESP_OK(nvs_get_i32(handle_2, "foo", &v2));
    CHECK(0x3456789a == v2);

    char buf[strlen(str) + 1];
    size_t buf_len = sizeof(buf);

    size_t buf_len_needed;
    TEST_ESP_OK(nvs_get_str(handle_2, "key", NULL, &buf_len_needed));
    CHECK(buf_len_needed == buf_len);

    size_t buf_len_short = buf_len - 1;
    TEST_ESP_ERR(ESP_ERR_NVS_INVALID_LENGTH, nvs_get_str(handle_2, "key", buf, &buf_len_short));
    CHECK(buf_len_short == buf_len);

    size_t buf_len_long = buf_len + 1;
    TEST_ESP_OK(nvs_get_str(handle_2, "key", buf, &buf_len_long));
    CHECK(buf_len_long == buf_len);

    TEST_ESP_OK(nvs_get_str(handle_2, "key", buf, &buf_len));

    CHECK(0 == strcmp(buf, str));
    nvs_close(handle_1);
    nvs_close(handle_2);
    TEST_ESP_OK(nvs_flash_deinit());

}

TEST_CASE("test nvs apis for nvs partition generator utility with encryption enabled", "[nvs_part_gen]")
{
    int status;
    int childpid = fork();
    if (childpid == 0) {
        exit(execlp("cp", " cp",
                    "-rf",
                    "../nvs_partition_generator/testdata",
                    ".",NULL));
    } else {
        CHECK(childpid > 0);
        waitpid(childpid, &status, 0);
        CHECK(WEXITSTATUS(status) == 0);

        childpid = fork();

        if (childpid == 0) {
            exit(execlp("python", "python",
                    "../nvs_partition_generator/nvs_partition_gen.py",
                    "encrypt",
                    "../nvs_partition_generator/sample_multipage_blob.csv",
                    "partition_encrypted.bin",
                    "0x4000",
                    "--inputkey",
                    "../nvs_partition_generator/testdata/sample_encryption_keys.bin",
                    "--outdir",
                    "../nvs_partition_generator",NULL));
        } else {
            CHECK(childpid > 0);
            waitpid(childpid, &status, 0);
            CHECK(WEXITSTATUS(status) == 0);
        }
    }

    SpiFlashEmulator emu("../nvs_partition_generator/partition_encrypted.bin");

    nvs_sec_cfg_t cfg;
    for(int count = 0; count < NVS_KEY_SIZE; count++) {
        cfg.eky[count] = 0x11;
        cfg.tky[count] = 0x22;
    }

    check_nvs_part_gen_args(&emu, NVS_DEFAULT_PART_NAME, 4, "../nvs_partition_generator/testdata/sample_multipage_blob.bin", true, &cfg);

    childpid = fork();
    if (childpid == 0) {
        exit(execlp("rm", " rm",
                    "-rf",
                    "testdata",NULL));
    } else {
        CHECK(childpid > 0);
        waitpid(childpid, &status, 0);
        CHECK(WEXITSTATUS(status) == 0);

    }

}

TEST_CASE("test decrypt functionality for encrypted data", "[nvs_part_gen]")
{

    //retrieving the temporary test data
    int status = system("cp -rf ../nvs_partition_generator/testdata .");
    CHECK(status == 0);

    //encoding data from sample_multipage_blob.csv
    status = system("python ../nvs_partition_generator/nvs_partition_gen.py generate ../nvs_partition_generator/sample_multipage_blob.csv partition_encoded.bin 0x5000 --outdir ../nvs_partition_generator");
    CHECK(status == 0);

    //encrypting data from sample_multipage_blob.csv
    status = system("python ../nvs_partition_generator/nvs_partition_gen.py encrypt ../nvs_partition_generator/sample_multipage_blob.csv partition_encrypted.bin 0x5000 --inputkey ../nvs_partition_generator/testdata/sample_encryption_keys.bin --outdir ../nvs_partition_generator");
    CHECK(status == 0);

    //decrypting data from partition_encrypted.bin
    status = system("python ../nvs_partition_generator/nvs_partition_gen.py decrypt ../nvs_partition_generator/partition_encrypted.bin ../nvs_partition_generator/testdata/sample_encryption_keys.bin ../nvs_partition_generator/partition_decrypted.bin");
    CHECK(status == 0);

    status = system("diff ../nvs_partition_generator/partition_decrypted.bin ../nvs_partition_generator/partition_encoded.bin");
    CHECK(status == 0);
    CHECK(WEXITSTATUS(status) == 0);


    //cleaning up the temporary test data
    status = system("rm -rf testdata");
    CHECK(status == 0);

}

TEST_CASE("test nvs apis for nvs partition generator utility with encryption enabled using keygen", "[nvs_part_gen]")
{
    int childpid = fork();
    int status;

    if (childpid == 0) {
        exit(execlp("cp", " cp",
                    "-rf",
                    "../nvs_partition_generator/testdata",
                    ".",NULL));
    } else {
        CHECK(childpid > 0);
        waitpid(childpid, &status, 0);
        CHECK(WEXITSTATUS(status) == 0);

        childpid = fork();

        if (childpid == 0) {
            exit(execlp("rm", " rm",
                        "-rf",
                        "../nvs_partition_generator/keys",NULL));
        } else {
            CHECK(childpid > 0);
            waitpid(childpid, &status, 0);
            CHECK(WEXITSTATUS(status) == 0);

            childpid = fork();
            if (childpid == 0) {
                exit(execlp("python", "python",
                            "../nvs_partition_generator/nvs_partition_gen.py",
                            "encrypt",
                            "../nvs_partition_generator/sample_multipage_blob.csv",
                            "partition_encrypted_using_keygen.bin",
                            "0x4000",
                            "--keygen",
                            "--outdir",
                            "../nvs_partition_generator",NULL));

            } else {
                CHECK(childpid > 0);
                waitpid(childpid, &status, 0);
                CHECK(WEXITSTATUS(status) == 0);

            }
        }
    }


    DIR *dir;
    struct dirent *file;
    char *filename;
    char *files;
    char *file_ext;

    dir = opendir("../nvs_partition_generator/keys");
    while ((file = readdir(dir)) != NULL)
    {
        filename = file->d_name;
        files = strrchr(filename, '.');
        if (files != NULL)
        {
            file_ext = files+1;
            if (strncmp(file_ext,"bin",3) == 0)
            {
                break;
            }
        }
    }

    std::string encr_file = std::string("../nvs_partition_generator/keys/") + std::string(filename);
    SpiFlashEmulator emu("../nvs_partition_generator/partition_encrypted_using_keygen.bin");

    char buffer[64];
    FILE *fp;

    fp = fopen(encr_file.c_str(),"rb");
    fread(buffer,sizeof(buffer),1,fp);

    fclose(fp);

    nvs_sec_cfg_t cfg;

    for(int count = 0; count < NVS_KEY_SIZE; count++) {
        cfg.eky[count] = buffer[count] & 255;
        cfg.tky[count] = buffer[count+32] & 255;
    }

    check_nvs_part_gen_args(&emu, NVS_DEFAULT_PART_NAME, 4, "../nvs_partition_generator/testdata/sample_multipage_blob.bin", true, &cfg);

}

TEST_CASE("test nvs apis for nvs partition generator utility with encryption enabled using inputkey", "[nvs_part_gen]")
{
    int childpid = fork();
    int status;

    DIR *dir;
    struct dirent *file;
    char *filename;
    char *files;
    char *file_ext;

    dir = opendir("../nvs_partition_generator/keys");
    while ((file = readdir(dir)) != NULL)
    {
        filename = file->d_name;
        files = strrchr(filename, '.');
        if (files != NULL)
        {
            file_ext = files+1;
            if (strncmp(file_ext,"bin",3) == 0)
            {
                break;
            }
        }
    }

    std::string encr_file = std::string("../nvs_partition_generator/keys/") + std::string(filename);

     if (childpid == 0) {
        exit(execlp("python", "python",
                "../nvs_partition_generator/nvs_partition_gen.py",
                "encrypt",
                "../nvs_partition_generator/sample_multipage_blob.csv",
                "partition_encrypted_using_keyfile.bin",
                "0x4000",
                "--inputkey",
                encr_file.c_str(),
                "--outdir",
                "../nvs_partition_generator",NULL));

    } else {
        CHECK(childpid > 0);
        waitpid(childpid, &status, 0);
        CHECK(WEXITSTATUS(status) == 0);
    }

    SpiFlashEmulator emu("../nvs_partition_generator/partition_encrypted_using_keyfile.bin");

    char buffer[64];
    FILE *fp;

    fp = fopen(encr_file.c_str(),"rb");
    fread(buffer,sizeof(buffer),1,fp);

    fclose(fp);

    nvs_sec_cfg_t cfg;

    for(int count = 0; count < NVS_KEY_SIZE; count++) {
        cfg.eky[count] = buffer[count] & 255;
        cfg.tky[count] = buffer[count+32] & 255;
    }

    check_nvs_part_gen_args(&emu, NVS_DEFAULT_PART_NAME, 4, "../nvs_partition_generator/testdata/sample_multipage_blob.bin", true, &cfg);

    childpid = fork();
    if (childpid == 0) {
        exit(execlp("rm", " rm",
                    "-rf",
                    "../nvs_partition_generator/keys",NULL));
    } else {
        CHECK(childpid > 0);
        waitpid(childpid, &status, 0);
        CHECK(WEXITSTATUS(status) == 0);

        childpid = fork();

        if (childpid == 0) {
            exit(execlp("rm", " rm",
                        "-rf",
                        "testdata",NULL));
        } else {
            CHECK(childpid > 0);
            waitpid(childpid, &status, 0);
            CHECK(WEXITSTATUS(status) == 0);
        }
    }

}

TEST_CASE("check and read data from partition generated via manufacturing utility with encryption enabled using sample inputkey", "[mfg_gen]")
{
    int childpid = fork();
    int status;

    if (childpid == 0) {
        exit(execlp("bash", " bash",
                    "-c",
                    "rm -rf ../../../tools/mass_mfg/host_test | \
                    cp -rf ../../../tools/mass_mfg/testdata mfg_testdata | \
                    cp -rf ../nvs_partition_generator/testdata . | \
                    mkdir -p ../../../tools/mass_mfg/host_test",NULL));
    } else {
        CHECK(childpid > 0);
        waitpid(childpid, &status, 0);
        CHECK(WEXITSTATUS(status) == 0);

        childpid = fork();
        if (childpid == 0) {
            exit(execlp("python", "python",
                        "../../../tools/mass_mfg/mfg_gen.py",
                        "generate",
                        "../../../tools/mass_mfg/samples/sample_config.csv",
                        "../../../tools/mass_mfg/samples/sample_values_multipage_blob.csv",
                        "Test",
                        "0x4000",
                        "--outdir",
                        "../../../tools/mass_mfg/host_test",
                        "--version",
                        "2",
                        "--inputkey",
                        "mfg_testdata/sample_encryption_keys.bin",NULL));

        } else {
            CHECK(childpid > 0);
            waitpid(childpid, &status, 0);
            CHECK(WEXITSTATUS(status) == 0);

            childpid = fork();
            if (childpid == 0) {
                exit(execlp("python", "python",
                            "../nvs_partition_generator/nvs_partition_gen.py",
                            "encrypt",
                            "../../../tools/mass_mfg/host_test/csv/Test-1.csv",
                            "../nvs_partition_generator/Test-1-partition-encrypted.bin",
                            "0x4000",
                            "--version",
                            "2",
                            "--inputkey",
                            "testdata/sample_encryption_keys.bin",NULL));

            } else {
                CHECK(childpid > 0);
                waitpid(childpid, &status, 0);
                CHECK(WEXITSTATUS(status) == 0);

            }

        }

    }

    SpiFlashEmulator emu1("../../../tools/mass_mfg/host_test/bin/Test-1.bin");

    nvs_sec_cfg_t cfg;
    for(int count = 0; count < NVS_KEY_SIZE; count++) {
        cfg.eky[count] = 0x11;
        cfg.tky[count] = 0x22;
    }

    check_nvs_part_gen_args_mfg(&emu1, NVS_DEFAULT_PART_NAME, 4, "mfg_testdata/sample_multipage_blob.bin", true, &cfg);

    SpiFlashEmulator emu2("../nvs_partition_generator/Test-1-partition-encrypted.bin");

    check_nvs_part_gen_args_mfg(&emu2, NVS_DEFAULT_PART_NAME, 4, "testdata/sample_multipage_blob.bin", true, &cfg);


    childpid = fork();
    if (childpid == 0) {
        exit(execlp("bash", " bash",
                    "-c",
                    "rm -rf ../../../tools/mass_mfg/host_test | \
                    rm -rf mfg_testdata | \
                    rm -rf testdata",NULL));
    } else {
        CHECK(childpid > 0);
        waitpid(childpid, &status, 0);
        CHECK(WEXITSTATUS(status) == 0);

    }

}

TEST_CASE("check and read data from partition generated via manufacturing utility with encryption enabled using new generated key", "[mfg_gen]")
{
    int childpid = fork();
    int status;

    if (childpid == 0) {
        exit(execlp("bash", " bash",
                    "-c",
                    "rm -rf ../../../tools/mass_mfg/host_test | \
                    cp -rf ../../../tools/mass_mfg/testdata mfg_testdata | \
                    cp -rf ../nvs_partition_generator/testdata . | \
                    mkdir -p ../../../tools/mass_mfg/host_test",NULL));
    } else {
        CHECK(childpid > 0);
        waitpid(childpid, &status, 0);
        CHECK(WEXITSTATUS(status) == 0);

        childpid = fork();
        if (childpid == 0) {
            exit(execlp("python", "python",
                        "../../../tools/mass_mfg/mfg_gen.py",
                        "generate-key",
                        "--outdir",
                        "../../../tools/mass_mfg/host_test",
                        "--keyfile",
                        "encr_keys_host_test.bin",NULL));

        } else {
            CHECK(childpid > 0);
            waitpid(childpid, &status, 0);
            CHECK(WEXITSTATUS(status) == 0);

            childpid = fork();
            if (childpid == 0) {
                exit(execlp("python", "python",
                            "../../../tools/mass_mfg/mfg_gen.py",
                            "generate",
                            "../../../tools/mass_mfg/samples/sample_config.csv",
                            "../../../tools/mass_mfg/samples/sample_values_multipage_blob.csv",
                            "Test",
                            "0x4000",
                            "--outdir",
                            "../../../tools/mass_mfg/host_test",
                            "--version",
                            "2",
                            "--inputkey",
                            "../../../tools/mass_mfg/host_test/keys/encr_keys_host_test.bin",NULL));

            } else {
                CHECK(childpid > 0);
                waitpid(childpid, &status, 0);
                CHECK(WEXITSTATUS(status) == 0);

                childpid = fork();
                if (childpid == 0) {
                    exit(execlp("python", "python",
                                "../nvs_partition_generator/nvs_partition_gen.py",
                                "encrypt",
                                "../../../tools/mass_mfg/host_test/csv/Test-1.csv",
                                "../nvs_partition_generator/Test-1-partition-encrypted.bin",
                                "0x4000",
                                "--version",
                                "2",
                                "--inputkey",
                                "../../../tools/mass_mfg/host_test/keys/encr_keys_host_test.bin",NULL));

                } else {
                    CHECK(childpid > 0);
                    waitpid(childpid, &status, 0);
                    CHECK(WEXITSTATUS(status) == 0);

                }

            }

        }

    }


    SpiFlashEmulator emu1("../../../tools/mass_mfg/host_test/bin/Test-1.bin");

    char buffer[64];
    FILE *fp;

    fp = fopen("../../../tools/mass_mfg/host_test/keys/encr_keys_host_test.bin","rb");
    fread(buffer,sizeof(buffer),1,fp);

    fclose(fp);

    nvs_sec_cfg_t cfg;

    for(int count = 0; count < NVS_KEY_SIZE; count++) {
        cfg.eky[count] = buffer[count] & 255;
        cfg.tky[count] = buffer[count+32] & 255;
    }

    check_nvs_part_gen_args_mfg(&emu1, NVS_DEFAULT_PART_NAME, 4, "mfg_testdata/sample_multipage_blob.bin", true, &cfg);

    SpiFlashEmulator emu2("../nvs_partition_generator/Test-1-partition-encrypted.bin");

    check_nvs_part_gen_args_mfg(&emu2, NVS_DEFAULT_PART_NAME, 4, "testdata/sample_multipage_blob.bin", true, &cfg);

    childpid = fork();
    if (childpid == 0) {
        exit(execlp("bash", " bash",
                    "-c",
                    "rm -rf keys | \
                    rm -rf mfg_testdata | \
                    rm -rf testdata | \
                    rm -rf ../../../tools/mass_mfg/host_test",NULL));
    } else {
        CHECK(childpid > 0);
        waitpid(childpid, &status, 0);
        CHECK(WEXITSTATUS(status) == 0);

    }

}
#endif

/* Add new tests above */
/* This test has to be the final one */

TEST_CASE("dump all performance data", "[nvs]")
{
    std::cout << "====================" << std::endl << "Dumping benchmarks" << std::endl;
    std::cout << s_perf.str() << std::endl;
    std::cout << "====================" << std::endl;
}