Some older Linux distributions may be missing some of the Python packages listed above (or may use ``pyserial`` version 2.x which is not supported by ESP-IDF). It is possible to install these packages via ``pip`` instead - as described in section :ref:`get-started-get-packages-legacy`.
2. The toolchain will be extracted into ``~/esp/xtensa-esp32-elf/`` directory.
To use it, you will need to update your ``PATH`` environment variable in ``~/.profile`` file. To make ``xtensa-esp32-elf`` available for all terminal sessions, add the following line to your ``~/.profile`` file::
Alternatively, you may create an alias for the above command. This way you can get the toolchain only when you need it. To do this, add different line to your ``~/.profile`` file::
alias get_esp32='export PATH="$HOME/esp/xtensa-esp32-elf/bin:$PATH"'
Then when you need the toolchain you can type ``get_esp32`` on the command line and the toolchain will be added to your ``PATH``.
..note::
If you have ``/bin/bash`` set as login shell, and both ``.bash_profile`` and ``.profile`` exist, then update ``.bash_profile`` instead. In CentOS, ``alias`` should set in ``.bashrc``.
3. Log off and log in back to make the ``.profile`` changes effective. Run the following command to verify if ``PATH`` is correctly set::
printenv PATH
You are looking for similar result containing toolchain's path at the beginning of displayed string::
With some Linux distributions you may get the ``Failed to open port /dev/ttyUSB0`` error message when flashing the ESP32. :ref:`This can be solved by adding the current user to the dialout group<linux-dialout-group-legacy>`.
Before installing these packages you might need to add the author's public key to your keyring as described in the "Comments" section at the links above.
Alternatively, use crosstool-NG to compile a gdb that links against ncurses 6.
