The Touch Element Library is a highly abstracted element library designed on the basis of the touch sensor driver. The library provides a unified and user-friendly software interface to quickly build capacitive touch sensor applications. For more information about the touch sensor driver API, see :doc:`../peripherals/touch_pad`.
The Touch Element library configures touch sensor peripherals via the touch sensor driver. However, some necessary hardware parameters should be passed to :cpp:func:`touch_element_install` and will be configured automatically only after calling :cpp:func:`touch_element_start`. This sequential order is essential because configuring these parameters has a significant impact on the run-time system. Therefore, they must be configured after calling the start function to ensure the system functions properly.
These parameters include touch channel threshold, driver-level of waterproof shield sensor, etc. The Touch Element library sets the touch sensor interrupt and the esp_timer routine up, and the hardware information of the touch sensor (channel state, channel number) will be obtained in the touch sensor interrupt service routine. When the specified channel event occurs, the hardware information is passed to the esp_timer callback routine, which then dispatches the touch sensor channel information to the touch elements (such as button, slider, etc.). The library then runs a specified algorithm to update the touch element's state or calculate its position and dispatches the result accordingly.
So when using the Touch Element library, you are relieved from the implementation details of the touch sensor peripheral. The library handles most of the hardware information and passes the more meaningful messages to the event handler routine.
- Up to 5 kinds of interrupt (Upper threshold and lower threshold interrupt, measure one channel finish and measure all channels finish interrupt, measurement timeout interrupt)
The Touch Sensor Threshold value is a configurable threshold value used to determine when a touch sensor is touched or not. When the difference between the Smooth signal and the Benchmark signal becomes greater than the threshold value (i.e., ``(smooth - benchmark) > threshold``), the touch channel's state will be changed and a touch interrupt will be triggered simultaneously.
Important performance parameter of the touch sensor, the larger it is, the better touch the sensor performs. It could be calculated by the format below:
Waterproof is the hardware feature of a touch sensor which has a guard sensor and shield sensor (always connect to Channel 14) that has the ability to resist a degree of influence of water drop and detect the water stream.
The touch slider consumes several channels (at least three channels) of the touch sensor, the more channels consumed, the higher resolution and accuracy position it performs. The touch slider looks like as the picture below:
The touch matrix button consumes several channels (at least 2 + 2 = 4 channels), and it gives a solution to use fewer channels and get more buttons. {IDF_TARGET_NAME} supports up to 49 buttons. The touch matrix button looks like as the picture below:
1. To initialize the Touch Element library by calling :cpp:func:`touch_element_install`.
2. To initialize touch elements (button/slider etc) by calling :cpp:func:`touch_xxxx_install`.
3. To create a new element instance by calling :cpp:func:`touch_xxxx_create`.
4. To subscribe events by calling :cpp:func:`touch_xxxx_subscribe_event`.
5. To choose a dispatch method by calling :cpp:func:`touch_xxxx_set_dispatch_method` that tells the library how to notify you while the subscribed event occurs.
6. If dispatch by callback, call :cpp:func:`touch_xxxx_set_callback` to set the event handler function.
7. To start the Touch Element library by calling :cpp:func:`touch_element_start`.
8. If dispatch by callback, the callback will be called by the driver core when an event happens, no need to do anything; If dispatch by event task, create an event task and call :cpp:func:`touch_element_message_receive` to obtain messages in a loop.
9. (Optional) If you want to suspend the Touch Element run-time system or for some reason that could not obtain the touch element message, :cpp:func:`touch_element_stop` should be called to suspend the Touch Element system and then resume it by calling :cpp:func:`touch_element_start` again.
1. To initialize the Touch Element library, you have to configure the touch sensor peripheral and Touch Element library by calling :cpp:func:`touch_element_install` with :cpp:type:`touch_elem_global_config_t`, the default initializer is available in :cpp:func:`TOUCH_ELEM_GLOBAL_DEFAULT_CONFIG` and this default configuration is suitable for the most general application scene, and it is suggested not to change the default configuration before fully understanding Touch Sensor peripheral because some changes might bring several impacts to the system.
2. To initialize the specified element, all the elements will not work before its constructor :cpp:func:`touch_xxxx_install` is called so as to save memory, so you have to call the constructor of each used touch element respectively, to set up the specified element.
1. To create a new touch element instance, call :cpp:func:`touch_xxxx_create`, select a channel, and provide its `Sensitivity`_ value for the new element instance.
2. To subscribe to events, call :cpp:func:`touch_xxxx_subscribe_event`. The Touch Element library offers several events, and the event mask is available in :idf_file:`components/touch_element/include/touch_element/touch_element.h`. You can use these event masks to subscribe to specific events individually or combine them to subscribe to multiple events.
3. To configure the dispatch method, use :cpp:func:`touch_xxxx_set_dispatch_method`. The Touch Element library provides two dispatch methods: :cpp:enumerator:`TOUCH_ELEM_DISP_EVENT` and :cpp:enumerator:`TOUCH_ELEM_DISP_CALLBACK`. These methods allow you to obtain the touch element message and handle it using different approaches.
If :cpp:enumerator:`TOUCH_ELEM_DISP_EVENT` dispatch method is configured, you need to start up an event handler task to obtain the touch element message, all the elements' raw message could be obtained by calling :cpp:func:`touch_element_message_receive`, then extract the element-class-specific message by calling the corresponding message decoder with :cpp:func:`touch_xxxx_get_message` to get the touch element's extracted message; If :cpp:enumerator:`TOUCH_ELEM_DISP_CALLBACK` dispatch method is configured, you need to pass an event handler by calling :cpp:func:`touch_xxxx_set_callback` before the touch element starts working, all the element's extracted message will be passed to the event handler function.
Since the event handler function runs on the core of the element library, i.e., in the esp_timer callback routine, please avoid performing operations that may cause blocking or delays, such as calling :cpp:func:`vTaskDelay`.
1. The waterproof shield sensor is always-on after Touch Element waterproof is initialized, however, the waterproof guard sensor is optional, hence if the you do not need the guard sensor, ``TOUCH_WATERPROOF_GUARD_NOUSE`` has to be passed to :cpp:func:`touch_element_waterproof_install` by the configuration struct.
2. To associate the touch element with the guard sensor, pass the touch element's handle to the Touch Element waterproof's masked list by calling :cpp:func:`touch_element_waterproof_add`. By associating a touch element with the Guard sensor, the touch element will be disabled when the guard sensor is triggered by a stream of water so as to protect the touch element.
Light- or Deep-sleep modes are both supported to be wakened up by a touch sensor. For the Light-sleep mode, any installed touch button can wake it up. But only the sleep button can wake up from Deep-sleep mode, and the touch sensor will do a calibration immediately, the reference value will be calibrated to a wrong value if our finger does not remove timely. Though the wrong reference value recovers after the finger removes away and has no effect on the driver logic, if you do not want to see a wrong reference value while waking up from Deep-sleep mode, you can call :cpp:func:`touch_element_sleep_enable_wakeup_calibration` to disable the wakeup calibration.
// ESP_ERROR_CHECK(touch_element_sleep_enable_wakeup_calibration(button_handle[0], false)); // (optional) Disable wakeup calibration to prevent updating the benchmark to a wrong value
