GY-63_MS5611/libraries/relativity/relativity.h

#pragma once
//
//    FILE: relativity.h
//  AUTHOR: Rob Tillaart
// VERSION: 0.1.3
// PURPOSE: Collection relativity formulas
//     URL: https://github.com/RobTillaart/relativity
//
//  HISTORY:
//  0.1.0   2021-05-29  initial version
//  0.1.1   2021-06-02  fix in tests
//  0.1.2   2021-12-27  update library.json, readme, license, minor edits
//  0.1.3   2022-08-04  fix constructor


#include "Arduino.h"


#define RELATIVITY_LIB_VERSION        (F("0.1.3"))


class relativity
{
public:

  relativity()
  {
    _speed  = 0.0;
    _factor = 1.0;
    _gamma  = 1.0;
  }

  double getC()
  { 
    return _c;
  };

  double getG()
  { 
    return _G;
  };

  
  double factor(double speed)
  {
    double alpha = speed * _divc;
    return sqrt(1 - alpha * alpha);
  }
  
  double gamma(double speed)
  {
    return 1.0 / factor(speed);
  }
  
///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
//
//  relativistic corrections for speed
//

  double relativeTime(double time, double speed)
  {
    return time * factor(speed);
  }

  double relativeLength(double length, double speed)
  {
    return length * factor(speed);
  }

  double relativeMass(double mass, double speed)
  {
    return mass / factor(speed);
  }

  double EnergyMass(double mass, double speed)
  {
    return relativeMass(mass, speed) * _c2;
  }


  //  set speed only once for the 3 values
  void setSpeed(double speed = 0)
  {
    _speed  = speed;
    _factor = factor(speed);
    _gamma  = gamma(speed);
  }

  double getSpeed()
  {
    return _speed;
  }

  double relativeTime(double time)
  {
    return time * _factor;
  }

  double relativeLength(double length)
  {
    return length * _factor;
  }

  double relativeMass(double mass)
  {
    return mass * _gamma;
  }

  double EnergyMass(double mass)
  {
    return relativeMass(mass) * _c2;
  }


///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
//
//  relativistic corrections for gravity
//

  double gravitationalTime(double time, double mass, double radius)
  {
    //  formula tries to stay within float range
    return time / sqrt(1 - (mass / (radius * _c2)) * (2 * _G) );
  }

  //  returns radius in km.
  double radiusEarth(double longitude = 45)  // 0..90
  {
    //  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hYMvJum9_Do  @ 8:00
    //  radius polar:    6357 km
    //  radius equator:  6378 km
    //  difference:      21 km      
    double radians = longitude * (PI / 180.0);

    //  approx of the graph in YouTube with a cosine
    return 6367.5 + 10.5 * cos(radians * 2);
  }

  //  mass in 
  double getPlanetMass(uint8_t n)  // sun = 0; mercury = 1 etc
  {
    return massPlanets[n];
  }

  //  radius in km
  double getPlanetRadius(uint8_t n)  // sun = 0; mercury = 1 etc
  {
    return radiusPlanets[n];
  }


private:

  const double _c = 299792458.0;        // speed of light
  const double _c2 = _c * _c;           // sol squared
  const double _divc = 1.0/_c;          // sol inverse

  const double _G = 6.6742e-11;         // gravitational constant

  //  wikipedia
  //  kg
  const double massPlanets[10] =
  {
    1.9891e30,      // Sun
    330.11e21,      // Mercury
    4867.5e21,      // Venus
    5972.4e21,      // Earth
    641.71e21,      // Mars
    1898187e21,     // Jupiter
    568317e21,      // Saturn
    102413e21,      // Neptune
    86813e21,       // Uranus
    13.03e21,       // Pluto
  };

  //  km
  const double radiusPlanets[10] =
  {
    695508,         // Sun
    2439.4,         // Mercury
    6052,           // Venus
    6371,           // Earth
    3389.5,         // Mars
    69911,          // Jupiter
    58232,          // Saturn
    24622,          // Neptune
    3981,           // Uranus
    1188.3,         // Pluto
  };

  //  cache
  double _speed  = 0.0;
  double _factor = 1.0;
  double _gamma  = 1.0;
};


// -- END OF FILE --